tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37118792134703172262024-03-14T02:07:52.173-07:00BSc BA ADP BCom NotesBSc BA ADP BCom Notes English Math Physics Computer Botany Zoology Chemistry Business Accounting Economics Pakistan Studies Banking & Finance Auditing Management Poems Modern Essays Short Stories One Act Play The Old Man & the Sea Essays with Outlines Quotations Letters Idioms Parts of Speech Grammar Tenses Question Answer CSS Past Papers banotes ba notes ba english notes Online Ilmi Hub TaleemAsad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15247848103439788237noreply@blogger.comBlogger521125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-86865992707124239742022-02-23T01:07:00.000-08:002022-02-23T01:07:09.931-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Say this city has ten Million Souls (W. H. Auden) Reference Context Explanation<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Say this city has ten Million Souls (W. H. Auden) Reference Context Explanation</h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgU3d8wbv510YuzBcrh06SlgX8-ij5RK6qs24ww9s7l-rYbdfN4rY-dSQxC66hkDAM1eUk_tmByK_O_08WxZDsX8L_ZdyI8V1AVrN2AD61QK6zfn6MSctJyQuv8MPz0AgrFN_MJ0-lJFIFHH97H25Zs9XKS8VtLRsCHiZ7PcFwP-6_at0GJUNJzB2UP5A=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Say this city has ten Million Souls (W. H. Auden) Reference Context Explanation" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgU3d8wbv510YuzBcrh06SlgX8-ij5RK6qs24ww9s7l-rYbdfN4rY-dSQxC66hkDAM1eUk_tmByK_O_08WxZDsX8L_ZdyI8V1AVrN2AD61QK6zfn6MSctJyQuv8MPz0AgrFN_MJ0-lJFIFHH97H25Zs9XKS8VtLRsCHiZ7PcFwP-6_at0GJUNJzB2UP5A=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Say this city has ten Million Souls (W. H. Auden) Reference Context Explanation" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><p><br /></p><p><b>To view other ADP & BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete ADP & BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><h2>Poem:</h2><div><div><b><i>Say this city has ten million souls,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Some are living in mansions, some are living in holes:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Yet there’s no place for us, my dear, yet there’s no place for us.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Once we had a country and we thought it fair,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Look in the atlas and you’ll find it there:</i></b></div><div><b><i>We cannot go there now, my dear, we cannot go there now.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>In the village churchyard there grows an old yew,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Every spring it blossoms anew;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Old passports can’t do that, my dear, old passports can’t do that.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>The consul banged the table and said:</i></b></div><div><b><i>‘If you’ve got no passport, you’re officially dead’;</i></b></div><div><b><i>But we are still alive, my dear, but we are still alive.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Went to a committee; they offered me a chair;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Asked me politely to return next year:</i></b></div><div><b><i>But where shall we go today, my dear, but where shall we go today?</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Came to a public meeting; the speaker got up and said:</i></b></div><div><b><i>‘If we let them in, they will steal our daily bread’;</i></b></div><div><b><i>He was talking of you and me, my dear, he was talking of you and me.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Thought I heard the thunder rumbling in the sky;</i></b></div><div><b><i>It was Hitler over Europe, saying: ‘They must die’;</i></b></div><div><b><i>We were in his mind, my dear, we were in his mind.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Saw a poodle in a jacket fastened with a pin,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Saw a door opened and a cat let in:</i></b></div><div><b><i>But they weren’t German Jews, my dear, but they weren’t German Jews.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Went down the harbour and stood upon the quay,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Saw the fish swimming as if they were free:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Only ten feet away, my dear, only ten feet away.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Walked through a wood, saw the birds in the trees;</i></b></div><div><b><i>They had no politicians and sang at their ease:</i></b></div><div><b><i>They weren’t the human race, my dear, they weren’t the human race.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Dreamed I saw a building with a thousand floors,</i></b></div><div><b><i>A thousand windows and a thousand doors;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Not one of them was ours, my dear, not one of them was ours.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Stood on a great plain in the falling snow;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Ten thousand soldiers marched to and fro:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Looking for you and me, my dear, looking for you and me.</i></b></div></div><p style="text-align: left;"><b><i><br /></i></b></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference, Context and Explanation:</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-4: Say this city ... for us.</h3><div><div><b><i>Say this city has ten million souls,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Some are living in mansions, some are living in holes:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Yet there’s no place for us, my dear, yet there’s no place for us.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Although this city of New York has a large population of rich as well as poor people, yet there is no place for the immigrants. Rich people of the city live in high and luxurious buildings whereas the poor people live in slums. But the immigrants have no shelter at all.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 5-8: Once we had ... there now.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Once we had a country and we thought it fair,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Look in the atlas and you’ll find it there:</i></b></div><div><b><i>We cannot go there now, my dear, we cannot go there now.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Before migrating to the U.S.A., the German Jews had a native land of their own, i.e., Germany. But they have left the place and cannot return for the fear of Hitler. That was a beautiful country but it is not present for them now in-spite of being physically present.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 9-12: In the village ... do that.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>In the village churchyard there grows an old yew,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Every spring it blossoms anew;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Old passports can’t do that, my dear, old passports can’t do that.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Even the yew trees (a symbol of grief) blossom during every spring season although they grow in graveyards where people lie dead and buried in their graves. But the passports of the immigrants cannot be renewed when expired. So much people have to face numberless difficulties but nobody realizes their difficulties.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 13-16: The consul banged ... still alive.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>The consul banged the table and said:</i></b></div><div><b><i>‘If you’ve got no passport, you’re officially dead’;</i></b></div><div><b><i>But we are still alive, my dear, but we are still alive.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The immigrants went to the consul for solution of their problems. The consul said that first they should prove their identity and then they could register their problems. But the poor fellows did not have any passports, so they couldn't prove their identity. They were, therefore, like dead persons and were treated as such by the consul.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 17-20: Went to a committee ... go today?</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Went to a committee; they offered me a chair;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Asked me politely to return next year:</i></b></div><div><b><i>But where shall we go today, my dear, but where shall we go today?</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The immigrant went before a committee for the solution of their problems. The members of the committee asked them to return next year. But the question remained as to what they will do in the meantime.</div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 21-24: Came to a ... you and me.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Came to a public meeting; the speaker got up and said:</i></b></div><div><b><i>‘If we let them in, they will steal our daily bread’;</i></b></div><div><b><i>He was talking of you and me, my dear, he was talking of you and me.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The immigrant went to a public meeting. They thought that their problems might be solved by political leaders. But there they heard a leader speak against them. He was saying that if they would allow the immigrants to settle there, the immigrants would steal their bread.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 25-28: Thought I heard ... in his mind.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Thought I heard the thunder rumbling in the sky;</i></b></div><div><b><i>It was Hitler over Europe, saying: ‘They must die’;</i></b></div><div><b><i>We were in his mind, my dear, we were in his mind.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The immigrant Jews could not return to Germany as Hitler still ruled there and he had announced that all the Jews of Germany must be killed and Germany purified of the Jews. Hitler talked in a very bombastic way.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 29-32: Saw a poodle ... German Jews.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Saw a poodle in a jacket fastened with a pin,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Saw a door opened and a cat let in:</i></b></div><div><b><i>But they weren’t German Jews, my dear, but they weren’t German Jews.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">An immigrant saw a dog in a goodly dress and a cat going into comfortable house. But these animals were welcomed by the Americans in their homes whereas the German Jews were not welcomed (although they deserved a better treatment as they were, after-all, human beings).</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 33-36: Went down the ... ten feet away.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Went down the harbour and stood upon the quay,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Saw the fish swimming as if they were free:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Only ten feet away, my dear, only ten feet away.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">An immigrant one day went to the port and stood on the dock. He saw fishes swimming freely in the sea-water only ten feet away from his feet. He felt envious of the fishes that could move freely because he could not move freely in society being an immigrant.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 37-40: Walked through ... human race.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Walked through a wood, saw the birds in the trees;</i></b></div><div><b><i>They had no politicians and sang at their ease:</i></b></div><div><b><i>They weren’t the human race, my dear, they weren’t the human race.</i></b></div></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">One day an immigrant passed through a small forest and saw the birds flying freely and happily there. He felt envious of the birds. The birds did not have a politician to make their lives miserable by dividing them into nationalities etc. They were better than human beings. That is why they were singing and flying happily.</div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 41-44: Dreamed I saw ... was ours.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Dreamed I saw a building with a thousand floors,</i></b></div><div><b><i>A thousand windows and a thousand doors;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Not one of them was ours, my dear, not one of them was ours.</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">An immigrant saw a thousand-storeyed building in his dream. The building was so spacious. It had a thousand doors and a thousand windows. Many people lived in that building but there was no room in that for the dreamer. He was hopeless (even in his dream).</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 45-48: Stood on a great ... you and me.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>Stood on a great plain in the falling snow;</i></b></div><div><b><i>Ten thousand soldiers marched to and fro:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Looking for you and me, my dear, looking for you and me.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the miserable condition of the immigrant German Jews. They face estrangement and alienation in the U.S.A. They face numberless barriers and have to live an isolated and miserable life.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The immigrants went to an open area outside the city to find some shelter there. It was snowing and the weather was very rough. But ten thousand soldiers reached there to bring them back. They could not remain even there freely. They were forced back perhaps to the refugee camps.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-16592072973921030792022-02-22T23:18:00.005-08:002022-02-22T23:18:41.733-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Reference Context Explanation<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Reference Context Explanation</h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgBzDvY99hWb4km5qr3X-DqS3a-nbsML4oHrKD2Pc8BakrP6madiSNeIpjQbVCnoh6BYX_lGXZGOeF3Pbonuz001f6GVV7pcUzXpbusNOvAwxn1vpqo9MsWZQA4j46lQpFrRZQlzdsf3_CRflRn8OMDlIpXS_4OT0dejaChrU3G0atfM43szSl42YG2OQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Reference Context Explanation" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgBzDvY99hWb4km5qr3X-DqS3a-nbsML4oHrKD2Pc8BakrP6madiSNeIpjQbVCnoh6BYX_lGXZGOeF3Pbonuz001f6GVV7pcUzXpbusNOvAwxn1vpqo9MsWZQA4j46lQpFrRZQlzdsf3_CRflRn8OMDlIpXS_4OT0dejaChrU3G0atfM43szSl42YG2OQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Reference Context Explanation" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><p><br /></p><p><b>To view other ADP & BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete ADP & BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><h2>Poem:</h2><div><div><b><i>A snake came to my water-trough</i></b></div><div><b><i>On a hot, hot day, and I in pyjamas for the heat,</i></b></div><div><b><i>To drink there.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>In the deep, strange-scented shade of the great dark carob tree</i></b></div><div><b><i>I came down the steps with my pitcher</i></b></div><div><b><i>And must wait, must stand and wait, for there he was at the trough</i></b></div><div><b><i> before me.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>He reached down from a fissure in the earth-wall in the gloom</i></b></div><div><b><i>And trailed his yellow-brown slackness soft-bellied down, over</i></b></div><div><b><i> the edge of the stone trough</i></b></div><div><b><i>And rested his throat upon the stone bottom,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And where the water had dripped from the tap, in a small clearness,</i></b></div><div><b><i>He sipped with his straight mouth,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Softly drank through his straight gums, into his slack long body,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Silently.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Someone was before me at my water-trough,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And I, like a second-comer, waiting.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>He lifted his head from his drinking, as cattle do,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And looked at me vaguely, as drinking cattle do,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And flickered his two-forked tongue from his lips, and mused</i></b></div><div><b><i> a moment,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And stooped and drank a little more,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Being earth-brown, earth-golden from the burning bowels</i></b></div><div><b><i> of the earth</i></b></div><div><b><i>On the day of Sicilian July, with Etna smoking.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>The voice of my education said to me</i></b></div><div><b><i>He must be killed,</i></b></div><div><b><i>For in Sicily the black, black snakes are innocent, the gold</i></b></div><div><b><i> are venomous.</i></b></div><div><b><i>And voices in me said, If you were a man</i></b></div><div><b><i>You would take a stick and break him now, and finish him off.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>But must I confess how I liked him,</i></b></div><div><b><i>How glad I was he had come like a guest in quiet, to drink</i></b></div><div><b><i> at my water-trough</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And depart peaceful, pacified, and thankless,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Into the burning bowels of this earth?</i></b></div><div><b><i>Was it cowardice, that I dared not kill him?</i></b></div><div><b><i>Was it perversity, that I longed to talk to him?</i></b></div><div><b><i>Was it humility, to feel so honoured?</i></b></div><div><b><i>I felt so honoured.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And yet those voices:</i></b></div><div><b><i>If you were not afraid, you would kill him!</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And truly I was afraid, I was most afraid,</i></b></div><div><b><i>But even so, honoured still more</i></b></div><div><b><i>That he should seek my hospitality</i></b></div><div><b><i>From out the dark door of the secret earth.</i></b></div><div><b><i> </i></b></div><div><b><i>He drank enough</i></b></div><div><b><i>And lifted his head, dreamily, as one who has drunken,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And flickered his tongue like a forked night on the air, so black,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Seeming to lick his lips,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And looked around like a god, unseeing, into the air,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And slowly turned his head,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And slowly, very slowly, as if thrice a dream,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Proceeded to draw his slow length curving round</i></b></div><div><b><i>And climb again the broken bank of my wall-face.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And as he put his head into that dreadful hole,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And as he slowly drew up, snake-easing his shoulders,</i></b></div><div><b><i> and entered farther,</i></b></div><div><b><i>A sort of horror, a sort of protest against his withdrawing into</i></b></div><div><b><i> that horrid black hole,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Deliberately going into the blackness, and slowly drawing</i></b></div><div><b><i> himself after,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Overcame me now his back was turned.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>I looked round, I put down my pitcher,</i></b></div><div><b><i>I picked up a clumsy log</i></b></div><div><b><i>And threw it at the water-trough with a clatter.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>I think it did not hit him,</i></b></div><div><b><i>But suddenly that part of him that was left behind convulsed</i></b></div><div><b><i> in an undignified haste,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Writhed like lightning, and was gone</i></b></div><div><b><i>Into the black hole, the earth-lipped fissure in the wall-front,</i></b></div><div><b><i>At which, in the intense still noon, I stared with fascination.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And immediately I regretted it.</i></b></div><div><b><i>I thought how paltry, how vulgar, what a mean act!</i></b></div><div><b><i>I despised myself and the voices of my accursed human education.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And I thought of the albatross,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And I wished he would come back, my snake.</i></b></div><div><b><i>For he seemed to me again like a king,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Like a king in exile, uncrowned in the underworld,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Now due to be crowned again.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And so, I missed my chance with one of the lords</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of life.</i></b></div><div><b><i>And I have something to expiate:</i></b></div><div><b><i>A pettiness.</i></b></div></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference, Context and Explanation:</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-3: A snake ... drink there.</h3><div><div><b><i>A snake came to my water-trough</i></b></div><div><b><i>On a hot, hot day, and I in pyjamas for the heat,</i></b></div><div><b><i>To drink there.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us that it was a very hot day in summer. Due to excessive heat he had put off his formal dress and was in his pajamas. He came to his water-trough to get water. He saw that a snake was already present there to drink water.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><h3>Lines 4-7: In the deep ... before me.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>In the deep, strange-scented shade of the great dark carob tree</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>I came down the steps with my pitcher</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And must wait, must stand and wait, for there he was at the trough</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> before me.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet had arrived down the stairs into his lawn where there was a great dark carob-tree with its strange smell. He had a pitcher in his hand. But he had to wait there for his turn because the snake was already there before him.</div><div><h3>Lines 8-14: He reached down ... silently.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>He reached down from a fissure in the earth-wall in the gloom</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And trailed his yellow-brown slackness soft-bellied down, over</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> the edge of the stone trough</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And rested his throat upon the stone bottom,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And where the water had dripped from the tap, in a small clearness,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>He sipped with his straight mouth,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Softly drank through his straight gums, into his slack long body,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Silently.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The snake had arrived out of a dark crack in the mud-wall. He had come out of that slowly with his yellow, long, soft body. Now he had reached the side of the stone trough and was resting his throat at the bottom of the stone-trough. The water was falling from a tap into the trough and at that place the snake was sipping water directly from the place with a strange quiteness.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 15-16: Someone was ... waiting.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Someone was before me at my water-trough,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And I, like a second-comer, waiting.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet saw the snake that had reached the water trough before him. So he had to wait for his turn as a late-comer.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 17-22: He lifted his head ... Etna smoking.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>He lifted his head from his drinking, as cattle do,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And looked at me vaguely, as drinking cattle do,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And flickered his two-forked tongue from his lips, and mused</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> a moment,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And stooped and drank a little more,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Being earth-brown, earth-golden from the burning bowels</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> of the earth</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>On the day of Sicilian July, with Etna smoking.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The snake lifted its head from the water-trough as cattle (cows, buffaloes etc.) do. It looked above like drinking cattle with unclear eyes. Then it moved/waved its forked tongue and paused for a while. Later on, it drank a little more water. The poet then noticed its color which was earth-brown or gold-brown perhaps because of living under the hot earth. That was a very hot day in July and the city (Etna) was rather too hot to bear.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 23-27: The voice of ... him off.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>The voice of my education said to me</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>He must be killed,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>For in Sicily the black, black snakes are innocent, the gold</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> are venomous.</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And voices in me said, If you were a man</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>You would take a stick and break him now, and finish him off.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>As the poet was an educated and civilized person, he thought that he should kill the snake. The black snakes were not poisonous in Sicily whereas the golden snakes were poisonous and it was a golden snake. The voice of education said to him from inside that if he was a brave man, he should take a stick and kill the snake.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 28-29: But must I ... water trough.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>But must I confess how I liked him,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>How glad I was he had come like a guest in quiet, to drink</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> at my water-trough</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet says that when his voice of education and civilization told him to kill the snake, he did not kill it. The reason was that the snake seemed to be beautiful to him. Moreover, the snake had come to drink water at his trough, therefore, it was his guest. Killing a guest was very bad. So he did not like the idea of killing the snake.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 30-35: And depart peaceful ... honoured.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And depart peaceful, pacified, and thankless,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Into the burning bowels of this earth?</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Was it cowardice, that I dared not kill him?</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Was it perversity, that I longed to talk to him?</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Was it humility, to feel so honoured?</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>I felt so honoured.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet felt that the snake was (a sort of) his guest. It would go peacefully and quietly after drinking water. It would go into its own underground hole. So he left it. He did not leave the snake due to his cowardice. He did not leave it due to his own obstinacy. He was rather feeling honored to have the snake at his water-trough as a guest. He was feeling very honored in the service of the snake.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 36-37: And yet those ... kill him!</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And yet those voices:</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>If you were not afraid, you would kill him!</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet again heard the voice of his education that asked him to kill the snake. The voice told him that he must kill it if he was not a coward and if he did not feel afraid of it.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 38-41: And truly I ... secret earth.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And truly I was afraid, I was most afraid,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>But even so, honoured still more</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>That he should seek my hospitality</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>From out the dark door of the secret earth.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet tried to analyze his feelings. He came to know that he was really afraid, rather very afraid, of the snake. Still he did not kill the snake because he felt that he was the host and the snake was the guest. It had come out of its dark hole from inside the earth in order to enjoy his hospitality.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 42-50: He drank ... my wall face.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>He drank enough</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And lifted his head, dreamily, as one who has drunken,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And flickered his tongue like a forked night on the air, so black,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Seeming to lick his lips,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And looked around like a god, unseeing, into the air,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And slowly turned his head,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And slowly, very slowly, as if thrice a dream,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Proceeded to draw his slow length curving round</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And climb again the broken bank of my wall-face.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet tells us that the snake drank much water. After drinking water, it lifted its head up dreamily and heavily like a drunk person. It waved its forked tongue on its lips as if to lick. It was as black as night. The poet calls is a forked night, i.e., he makes the snake embodied into a night itself. Then the snake began to look all around itself without caring for anything. It did not attend to anything particular. It seemed to survey all the things like a master. Then it curved around its length slowly. It started to climb upon the slope of the broken mud-wall in front of him. It went towards the crack in the wall from where it had come out for drinking water.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 51-55: And as he put ... was turned.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And as he put his head into that dreadful hole,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And as he slowly drew up, snake-easing his shoulders,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> and entered farther,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>A sort of horror, a sort of protest against his withdrawing into</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> that horrid black hole,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Deliberately going into the blackness, and slowly drawing</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> himself after,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Overcame me now his back was turned.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>When the snake put its head into its dark hole and it tried to take the rest of its body inside that, the poet felt a sort of horror. He could not tolerate that anything so beautiful and lord-like should enter inside a black and ugly place like the underground hole.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 56-58: I looked around ... with a clatter.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>I looked round, I put down my pitcher,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>I picked up a clumsy log</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And threw it at the water-trough with a clatter.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet put down his pitcher and looked around him to find something to hit the snake. He saw an ugly stick, picked it up and threw it at the trough with a noise.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 59-63: I think it ... with facination.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>I think it did not hit him,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>But suddenly that part of him that was left behind convulsed</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i> in an undignified haste,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Writhed like lightning, and was gone</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Into the black hole, the earth-lipped fissure in the wall-front,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>At which, in the intense still noon, I stared with fascination.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet thought/saw that the stick which he threw at the trough did not hit the snake. But due to the noise the snake got startled and that part of its body which was still outside the hole, writhed in an undignified way. Later, the snake disappeared into the hole with the speed of lightning. The hole was like a crack with earthen lips in the mud wall. The poet watched this new movement of the snake in that hot silent noon with a sort of charmed happiness.</div></div><div><h3>Lines 64-66: And immediately ... human education.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And immediately I regretted it.</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>I thought how paltry, how vulgar, what a mean act!</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>I despised myself and the voices of my accursed human education.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet began to feel regret immediately at hitting the snake. He thought that he had committed a very low and mean action by striking it. So he felt a hatred for himself as well as for his voice of education that had asked him to kill it because it was poisonous.</div><div><h3>Lines 67-71: And I thought ... crowned again.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And I thought of the albatross,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And I wished he would come back, my snake.</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>For he seemed to me again like a king,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Like a king in exile, uncrowned in the underworld,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Now due to be crowned again.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet thought about the innocent sea-bird, albatross, that was killed by the sailor in Coleridge's poem "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner". As a result, he began to wish that the snake should return from its hole and he should honor it. The snake seemed to the poet like a king of the under-ground world that had come to the earth leaving its kingdom temporarily and had entered inside the earth again to get its crown back.</div></div></div><div><h3>Lines 72-75: And so, I missed ... pettiness.</h3><div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And so, I missed my chance with one of the lords</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>Of life.</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>And I have something to expiate:</i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><i>A pettiness.</i></b></div></div><h3>Reference: </h3><div>These lines have been taken from "Snake" written by D. H. Lawrence.</div><h3>Context: </h3><div>The poet tells us in this poem about the arrival of a snake at his water-trough on a hot July day to drink water. The poem consists of different changing sentiments and responses of the poet about and towards the snake.</div><h3>Explanation:</h3><div>The poet felt that he had missed a good opportunity of meeting with an under-ground lord. He missed the opportunity of knowing and understanding a beautiful, honorable, lordly creature. So he wanted to have a penance for his sin. He felt guilty of committing a mean action.</div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-36570350365555870712022-02-17T23:06:00.006-08:002022-02-17T23:13:01.070-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Reference Context Explanation<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Reference Context Explanation</h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgxGBAdTYRGZsvhQd16a_gXlbZ_y8_1FaJXKpWY2hV65kp43hpWlEZcUjgp-dKwo3ojCo_DfYXp5iERFmLz6zc5pCrzmjn4bMuuADel8sKmJTEi7Pn6F-BgnHU8CoyB83EHncdXoyGXCCy3DaZtBEP5zg1JRDPpOYIjB_ZL8ARvI89913w6fhb7_iQIPw=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Reference Context Explanation" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgxGBAdTYRGZsvhQd16a_gXlbZ_y8_1FaJXKpWY2hV65kp43hpWlEZcUjgp-dKwo3ojCo_DfYXp5iERFmLz6zc5pCrzmjn4bMuuADel8sKmJTEi7Pn6F-BgnHU8CoyB83EHncdXoyGXCCy3DaZtBEP5zg1JRDPpOYIjB_ZL8ARvI89913w6fhb7_iQIPw=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Reference Context Explanation" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><h1><p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><br /></p><p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><b>To view other ADP & BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;"><b>To view Complete ADP & BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p></h1><h2>Poem:</h2><div><div><b><i>How can I, that girl standing there,</i></b></div><div><b><i>My attention fix</i></b></div><div><b><i>On Roman or on Russian</i></b></div><div><b><i>Or on Spanish politics,</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Yet here’s a travelled man that knows</i></b></div><div><b><i>What he talks about,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And there’s a politician</i></b></div><div><b><i>That has both read and thought,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And maybe what they say is true</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of war and war’s alarms,</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>But O that I were young again</i></b></div><div><b><i>And held her in my arms.</i></b></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference, Context and Explanation:</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-4: How can I ... politics?</h3><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>How can I, that girl standing there,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>My attention fix</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>On Roman or on Russian</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Or on Spanish politics,</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Politics" written by W. B. Yeats.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">This is a sweet little poem that tells us about the importance of love over politics and war. The poet wishes to leave the discussion of politics and war in order to go to the girl standing at a distance and love her.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines that he cannot fix his attention on the political situation of a country such as Russia or Rome or Spain because there is a girl standing nearby and she is more charming that the petty world-politics.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 5-10: Yet there's ... war's alarms.</h3><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Yet here’s a travelled man that knows</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>What he talks about,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And there’s a politician</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>That has both read and thought,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And maybe what they say is true</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Of war and war’s alarms,</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Politics" written by W. B. Yeats.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">This is a sweet little poem that tells us about the importance of love over politics and war. The poet wishes to leave the discussion of politics and war in order to go to the girl standing at a distance and love her.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines about a traveller who has seen a large number of countries and knows much about the world. Such a traveller is talking with the poet. The poet is also listening to the political discussion of a politician who has read and thought well. There is a discussion going on about war and war's danger and the poet knows that whatever the politician is telling them may be correct.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 11-12: But O ... my arms!</h3><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>But O that I were young again</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And held her in my arms.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Politics" written by W. B. Yeats.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">This is a sweet little poem that tells us about the importance of love over politics and war. The poet wishes to leave the discussion of politics and war in order to go to the girl standing at a distance and love her.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us that he wishes to be young again so that he may be able to leave all the politics and embrace the girl standing at a little distance and enjoy the blessings of love!</div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-26586195170487122812022-02-17T23:06:00.005-08:002022-02-17T23:12:54.104-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Reference Context Explanation<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Reference Context Explanation</h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi9pvxLAeZKzViQjAWPe9I_dsi9R_7phCu2FUvMxbFINSRC9ESuwZJQi2HQJv4S92vAdiqQTQW8hj_LF8VaX8eVsbO6QibIVqEtg1I5qKlmwZUXHod4PNT9J0ob9nxhM8imqjLNQuSfhjyvPgtkgLMMrLrLo41a0KK6DCF6bTPEeah8F_PjwMP0qsH5bg=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Reference Context Explanation" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi9pvxLAeZKzViQjAWPe9I_dsi9R_7phCu2FUvMxbFINSRC9ESuwZJQi2HQJv4S92vAdiqQTQW8hj_LF8VaX8eVsbO6QibIVqEtg1I5qKlmwZUXHod4PNT9J0ob9nxhM8imqjLNQuSfhjyvPgtkgLMMrLrLo41a0KK6DCF6bTPEeah8F_PjwMP0qsH5bg=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Reference Context Explanation" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><p><br /></p><p><b>To view other ADP & BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete ADP & BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><h2>Poem:</h2><div><div><b><i>In Xanadu did Kubla Khan</i></b></div><div><b><i>A stately pleasure-dome decree:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Where Alph, the sacred river, ran</i></b></div><div><b><i>Through caverns measureless to man</i></b></div><div><b><i>Down to a sunless sea.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>So twice five miles of fertile ground</i></b></div><div><b><i>With walls and towers were girdled round;</i></b></div><div><b><i>And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;</i></b></div><div><b><i>And here were forests ancient as the hills,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slanted</i></b></div><div><b><i>Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover!</i></b></div><div><b><i>A savage place! as holy and enchanted</i></b></div><div><b><i>As e’er beneath a waning moon was haunted</i></b></div><div><b><i>By woman wailing for her demon-lover!</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething,</i></b></div><div><b><i>As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing,</i></b></div><div><b><i>A mighty fountain momently was forced:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Amid whose swift half-intermitted burst</i></b></div><div><b><i>Huge fragments vaulted like rebounding hail,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher’s flail:</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And mid these dancing rocks at once and ever</i></b></div><div><b><i>It flung up momently the sacred river.</i></b></div><div><b><i>Five miles meandering with a mazy motion</i></b></div><div><b><i>Through wood and dale the sacred river ran,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Then reached the caverns measureless to man,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And sank in tumult to a lifeless ocean;</i></b></div><div><b><i>And ’mid this tumult Kubla heard from far</i></b></div><div><b><i>Ancestral voices prophesying war!</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i> The shadow of the dome of pleasure</i></b></div><div><b><i> Floated midway on the waves;</i></b></div><div><b><i> Where was heard the mingled measure</i></b></div><div><b><i> From the fountain and the caves.</i></b></div><div><b><i>It was a miracle of rare device,</i></b></div><div><b><i>A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i> A damsel with a dulcimer</i></b></div><div><b><i> In a vision once I saw:</i></b></div><div><b><i> It was an Abyssinian maid</i></b></div><div><b><i> And on her dulcimer she played,</i></b></div><div><b><i> Singing of Mount Abora.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i> Could I revive within me?</i></b></div><div><b><i> Her symphony and song,</i></b></div><div><b><i> To such a deep delight ’twould win me,</i></b></div><div><b><i>That with music loud and long,</i></b></div><div><b><i>I would build that dome in air,</i></b></div><div><b><i>That sunny dome! those caves of ice!</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And all who heard should see them there,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And all should cry, Beware! Beware!</i></b></div><div><b><i>His flashing eyes, his floating hair!</i></b></div><div><b><i>Weave a circle round him thrice,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And close your eyes with holy dread</i></b></div><div><b><i>For he on honey-dew hath fed,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And drunk the milk of Paradise.</i></b></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference, Context and Explanation:</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-5: In Xanadu ... sunless sea.</h3><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>In Xanadu did Kubla Khan</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>A stately pleasure-dome decree:</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Where Alph, the sacred river, ran</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Through caverns measureless to man</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Down to a sunless sea.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines that Kubla Khan ordered that a royal palace with a large dome should be built for him in Xanadu where the sacred river Alph ran through caves which were so deep that no man could measure their depth. The river, later on, fell into a dark ocean.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 6-11: So twice five ... greenery.</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>So twice five miles of fertile ground</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>With walls and towers were girdled round;</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And here were forests ancient as the hills,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us that at the order of Kubla Khan, ten miles of fertile ground was encircles with walls and towers. There were sweet and beautiful gardens with zigzagging rivulets and streams. Many a sweet-smelling tree blossomed there in the garden. There were dense forests all around the hills and in the middle of these forests there were many sunlit places.</div><div></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 12-16: But oh! ... demon-lover.</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slanted</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover!</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>A savage place! as holy and enchanted</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>As e’er beneath a waning moon was haunted</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>By woman wailing for her demon-lover!</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us that there was a deep and romantic cave in that side of the hill which was overgrown with cedar trees. It seemed to be a very strange and wild place. It seemed as holy and enchanted a place as ever found beneath a dull, yellow, decreasing moon where a sad and sorrowful woman was found weeping and crying in separation of her ghost-lover.</div><div></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 17-22: And from this ... thresher's flail.</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>A mighty fountain momently was forced:</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Amid whose swift half-intermitted burst</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Huge fragments vaulted like rebounding hail,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher’s flail:</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us something about the fountain that came out of the cave in the side of the cedar-covered hill. The fountain came out with a great force as if the very earth was breathing. It was so forceful that many pieces of stones flew with its force as grain and chaff flow out of a thresher's work.</div><div></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 23-30: And 'mind these ... prophesying war.</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And mid these dancing rocks at once and ever</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>It flung up momently the sacred river.</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Five miles meandering with a mazy motion</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Through wood and dale the sacred river ran,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Then reached the caverns measureless to man,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And sank in tumult to a lifeless ocean;</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And ’mid this tumult Kubla heard from far</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Ancestral voices prophesying war!</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us here that the fountain described in the earlier lines later turned into river. It flowed for five miles in a zigzag way. It flowed through many forests, valleys and caves. At last it fell into a dark, sunless sea. When Kubla Khan reached that place, he heard strange loud noise. Out of that loud noise he heard the voices of his forefathers (like Genghis Khan's) that foretold him about a war.</div><div></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 31-36: The shadows of ... caves of ice.</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> The shadow of the dome of pleasure</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> Floated midway on the waves;</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> Where was heard the mingled measure</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> From the fountain and the caves.</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>It was a miracle of rare device,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines about the pleasure dome of Kubla Khan that he had ordered to be built in Xanadu and that was built accordingly. The shadow of that pleasure-dome floated on the waves of the water at the place where a great noise was coming from the fountain and the caves. It was a strange type of scene because the pleasure dome was sun-lit whereas the caves had too much snow that it had become hard and turned into ice. It was a strange combination of sun and snow at one and the same place.</div><div></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 37-41: A damsel with ... Mount Abora.</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> A damsel with a dulcimer</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> In a vision once I saw:</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> It was an Abyssinian maid</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> And on her dulcimer she played,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> Singing of Mount Abora.</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">In these lines the poet tells us that once upon a time he saw an Abyssinian maiden playing music on her dulcimer. She was singing a pleasant and inspiring folk song of Mount Abora area/locality.</div><div></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 42-47: Could I revive ... caves of ice!</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> Could I revive within me?</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> Her symphony and song,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i> To such a deep delight ’twould win me,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>That with music loud and long,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>I would build that dome in air,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>That sunny dome! those caves of ice!</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines that if he could remember the sweet and enchanting song of the Abyssinian maiden referred to in the earlier lines, he would be able to build the pleasure-dome of Kubla Khan with all its beautiful and magnificent details like sunlit dome and icy caves.</div><div></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 48-54: And all who ... Paradise.</h3></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And all who heard should see them there,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And all should cry, Beware! Beware!</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>His flashing eyes, his floating hair!</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Weave a circle round him thrice,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And close your eyes with holy dread</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>For he on honey-dew hath fed,</i></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>And drunk the milk of Paradise.</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is this poem how once Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, ordered a palace to be built. The order was obeyed and a pleasure palace was constructed with sunny domes and caves of ice. The poet wishes to recreate the same with the magical power of his poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The pot tells us in these lines that if he would be able to build the pleasure dome of Kubla Khan with all its sunlit dome and caves of ice under the inspiration of Abyssinian maiden's song, the people standing around him would cry with surprise and wonder. They would tell one another to beware of the poet, to weave a circle thrice round him and to close their eyes due to a holy fear of the poet. He would seem to be a saint, having drunk such heavenly things as honey-dew and milk of Paradise.</div><div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete ADP & BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><h2>Poem:</h2><div><div><b><i>I sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed.</i></b></div><div><b><i>Inaction, no falsifying dream</i></b></div><div><b><i>Between my hooked head and hooked feet:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Or in sleep rehearse perfect kills and eat.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>The convenience of the high trees!</i></b></div><div><b><i>The air’s buoyancy and the sun’s ray</i></b></div><div><b><i>Are of advantage to me;</i></b></div><div><b><i>And the earth’s face upward for my inspection.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>My feet are locked upon the rough bark.</i></b></div><div><b><i>It took the whole of Creation</i></b></div><div><b><i>To produce my foot, my each feather:</i></b></div><div><b><i>Now I hold Creation in my foot</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Or fly up, and revolve it all slowly –</i></b></div><div><b><i>I kill where I please because it is all mine.</i></b></div><div><b><i>There is no sophistry in my body:</i></b></div><div><b><i>My manners are tearing off heads –</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>The allotment of death.</i></b></div><div><b><i>For the one path of my flight is direct</i></b></div><div><b><i>Through the bones of the living.</i></b></div><div><b><i>No arguments assert my right:</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>The sun is behind me.</i></b></div><div><b><i>Nothing has changed since I began.</i></b></div><div><b><i>My eye has permitted no change.</i></b></div><div><b><i>I am going to keep things like this.</i></b></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference, Context and Explanation:</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-4: I sit in ... and eat.</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the hawk that is the lord and ruler of all the birds of the forest. The hawk is boasting of its great physical force, precision of attack and over-all rule over the birds. It feels that it would maintain its rule forever.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet says that the hawk normally lines in the top branches of the trees in the forest. Sometimes it closes its eyes because it is not doing any work at that time. But it does not see false dreams. At the most it is doing rehearsal of killing and eating its prey during the dream.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 5-8: The convenience ... my inspection.</h3></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the hawk that is the lord and ruler of all the birds of the forest. The hawk is boasting of its great physical force, precision of attack and over-all rule over the birds. It feels that it would maintain its rule forever.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">According to the hawk, God has made its life fully convenient. High trees, buoyant air, rays of the sun and the vast surface of the earth _ all these things have been made by God for its convenience. These are all advantageous for it.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 9-12: My feet are ... in my foot.</h3></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the hawk that is the lord and ruler of all the birds of the forest. The hawk is boasting of its great physical force, precision of attack and over-all rule over the birds. It feels that it would maintain its rule forever.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The hawk says that its feet/claws are curved and it can catch hold of the rough trunk of a tree by these. Nature has taken enough care and consideration in making its claws and feathers. It is now so perfect that it can hold any bird [a part of creation] in its feet.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 13-16: Or fly up ... tearing of heads.</h3></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the hawk that is the lord and ruler of all the birds of the forest. The hawk is boasting of its great physical force, precision of attack and over-all rule over the birds. It feels that it would maintain its rule forever.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The hawk says that it can catch any bird or fly up any time at its ease. It can fly fastly as well as slowly at its own sweet will. There is no false reasoning in its body. Its body is perfectly well-adjusted and precise. Its work is to kill the birds at its own will.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 17-20: The allotment ... my right.</h3></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the hawk that is the lord and ruler of all the birds of the forest. The hawk is boasting of its great physical force, precision of attack and over-all rule over the birds. It feels that it would maintain its rule forever.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The hawk says that killing birds and allotting death to them is its job. It flies straight "through" the body of the living birds, killing them all at once in the air at its own sweet will. It need not assert or prove its right. Every bird knows that.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 21-24: The sun is ... things like this.</h3></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in this poem about the hawk that is the lord and ruler of all the birds of the forest. The hawk is boasting of its great physical force, precision of attack and over-all rule over the birds. It feels that it would maintain its rule forever.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The hawk says that is has all the sources of power and authority at its back. Right from the time of the beginning of its rule over the world of birds, it has never relaxed its rule. It hopes to continue like the same in future. (But here, the hawk is wrong. It will die one day as it is mortal. Its rule is surely to come to an end one day.)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-31376941351481899122022-02-17T01:43:00.009-08:002022-02-17T01:46:06.548-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Reference Context Explanation<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Reference Context Explanation</h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhhG5wvfCKHavEtg0UmhVfs8O0lcFphVuBUdXaj6IgfgrGJeOxYlD3O1jpt9vfY8vj2rxo5l554qDLPwGxi1lehlLfbYl3CWbeyAHTddyMeeX4QkENnSteSoAVXu_INPkO4F0-DTgYJTPZVtFQgqkRln3CTEl5ftFvOrlsm4iZI5sBNoMHkllywtEZaZw=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Reference Context Explanation" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhhG5wvfCKHavEtg0UmhVfs8O0lcFphVuBUdXaj6IgfgrGJeOxYlD3O1jpt9vfY8vj2rxo5l554qDLPwGxi1lehlLfbYl3CWbeyAHTddyMeeX4QkENnSteSoAVXu_INPkO4F0-DTgYJTPZVtFQgqkRln3CTEl5ftFvOrlsm4iZI5sBNoMHkllywtEZaZw=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Reference Context Explanation" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><p><br /></p><p><b>To view other ADP & BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete ADP & BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><h2>Poem:</h2><div><div><b><i>When I have fears that I may cease to be</i></b></div><div><b><i> Before my pen has gleaned my teeming brain,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Before high-pilèd books, in charactery,</i></b></div><div><b><i> Hold like rich garners the full ripened grain;</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>When I behold, upon the night’s starred face,</i></b></div><div><b><i> Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And think that I may never live to trace</i></b></div><div><b><i> Their shadows with the magic hand of chance;</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And when I feel, fair creature of an hour,</i></b></div><div><b><i> That I shall never look upon thee more,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Never have relish in the faery power</i></b></div><div><b><i> Of unreflecting love—then on the shore</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of the wide world I stand alone, and think</i></b></div><div><b><i>Till love and fame to nothingness do sink.</i></b></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference, Context and Explanation</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-4 When I have fears ... grain.</h3><div><div><b><i>When I have fears that I may cease to be</i></b></div><div><b><i> Before my pen has gleaned my teeming brain,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Before high-pilèd books, in charactery,</i></b></div><div><b><i> Hold like rich garners the full ripened grain;</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the famous sonnet of John Keats: "When I Have Fears".</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us about his fear in the sonnet which he feels to find the love, and fame all mortal and temporary in this world. He wishes to give expression to all his ideas and realize his love _ but all that is impossible due to the transient nature of the world.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us is these lines that he is afraid the he may die before his pen is able to write on paper all the high ideas present in his brain, before a number of books are able to hold the store of his deep, full knowledge as grains are stored in a godown.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 5-8 When I behold ... hand of chance.</h3><div><div><b><i>When I behold, upon the night’s starred face,</i></b></div><div><b><i> Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And think that I may never live to trace</i></b></div><div><b><i> Their shadows with the magic hand of chance;</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the famous sonnet of John Keats: "When I Have Fears".</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us about his fear in the sonnet which he feels to find the love, and fame all mortal and temporary in this world. He wishes to give expression to all his ideas and realize his love _ but all that is impossible due to the transient nature of the world.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines that he feels upset and afraid when he sees the sky which is full of stars and clouds that are for him symbols of many romances and thinks that he may never live to trace their hidden meanings with his inspired poetry.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 9-14 And when I feel ... do sink.</h3><div><div><b><i>And when I feel, fair creature of an hour,</i></b></div><div><b><i> That I shall never look upon thee more,</i></b></div><div><b><i>Never have relish in the faery power</i></b></div><div><b><i> Of unreflecting love—then on the shore</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of the wide world I stand alone, and think</i></b></div><div><b><i>Till love and fame to nothingness do sink.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from the famous sonnet of John Keats: "When I Have Fears".</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us about his fear in the sonnet which he feels to find the love, and fame all mortal and temporary in this world. He wishes to give expression to all his ideas and realize his love _ but all that is impossible due to the transient nature of the world.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines that he becomes upset to feel that he will never be able to look at the beautiful face of his beloved for a long time and will never be able to enjoy the beautiful power of noble and continuous love. Then he feels as if he is standing all alone on the shore of the wide world and thinks that love and fame are both nothing (i.e., both are totally transitory and unimportant things).</div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Thomas) Reference Context Explanation" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhKrRFMQITbbSUX6Wo1o0JAj979j-2VAN09uEzh83EV8DnuX0HfPS5pn1jcoaZ7Hg7qaarGj_Tq58XUzK46lHKT2j9Gfnj0z3-oZBGXWdqaCf2rejWSgkE6usXayn6hbhbdLQC2i3MeXus5vKauS05GfomwifoFjRy4H3Ll_gydX4-WFh2CmtH3G-MZ0A=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem The Vanishing Village (R. S. Thomas) Reference Context Explanation" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><p><br /></p><p><b>To view other ADP & BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete ADP & BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><h2>Poem:</h2><div><div><b><i>Scarcely a street, too few houses</i></b></div><div><b><i>To merit the title; just a way between</i></b></div><div><b><i>The one tavern and the one shop</i></b></div><div><b><i>That leads nowhere and fails at the top</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of the short hill, eaten away</i></b></div><div><b><i>By long erosion of the green tide</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of grass creeping perpetually nearer</i></b></div><div><b><i>This last outpost of time passed.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>So little happens; the black dog</i></b></div><div><b><i>Cracking his fleas in the hot sun</i></b></div><div><b><i>Is history. Yet the girl who crosses</i></b></div><div><b><i>From door to door moves to a scale</i></b></div><div><b><i>Beyond the bland day’s two dimensions.</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>Stay, then, village, for round you spins</i></b></div><div><b><i>On a slow axis a world as vast</i></b></div><div><b><i>And meaningful as any posed</i></b></div><div><b><i>By great Plato’s solitary mind.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference, Context and Explanation</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-8: Scarcely a street ... of time passed.</h3><div><div><b><i>Scarcely a street, too few houses</i></b></div><div><b><i>To merit the title; just a way between</i></b></div><div><b><i>The one tavern and the one shop</i></b></div><div><b><i>That leads nowhere and fails at the top</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of the short hill, eaten away</i></b></div><div><b><i>By long erosion of the green tide</i></b></div><div><b><i>Of grass creeping perpetually nearer</i></b></div><div><b><i>This last outpost of time passed.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "The Vanishing Village" written by R. S. Thomas.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet describes a deserted and neglected village in this poem. There is only one street, a few houses, one inn and a shop in the village. The street leads nowhere. He wishes for the betterment of the village.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet tells us in these lines about the deserted village. There are only a few houses in a street which goes on the top of the hill. Later on, the street comes to an end: it leads nowhere. There is also one shop and one inn in the village. The street is overgrown at both sides with greenery. It is the last outpost/hall mark of the village but slowly and steadily this mark is vanishing with the onward rush of time.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 9-13: So little happens ... two dimensions.</h3><div><div><b><i>So little happens; the black dog</i></b></div><div><b><i>Cracking his fleas in the hot sun</i></b></div><div><b><i>Is history. Yet the girl who crosses</i></b></div><div><b><i>From door to door moves to a scale</i></b></div><div><b><i>Beyond the bland day’s two dimensions.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "The Vanishing Village" written by R. S. Thomas.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet describes a deserted and neglected village in this poem. There is only one street, a few houses, one inn and a shop in the village. The street leads nowhere. He wishes for the betterment of the village.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><p style="text-align: justify;">Nothing of any importance happens in this disappearing and deserted village. The poet can see a historic and old black dog sitting in the sun and moving its tail to crack/strike at the fleas that are sticking to its skin and disturbing it. The dog is a symbol of the destroyed "present" of the village. But just there is also a "future" _ it is the girl who is going from one door to another. She cannot be captured through the two dimensions of time and space of the gentle "present" day as she is a symbol of future. She guarantees a better future for the village through her third dimensions: her enthusiastic spirit and soul.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 14-17: Stay, then village ... solitary mind.</h3><div><div><b><i>Stay, then, village, for round you spins</i></b></div><div><b><i>On a slow axis a world as vast</i></b></div><div><b><i>And meaningful as any posed</i></b></div><div><b><i>By great Plato’s solitary mind.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">These lines have been taken from "The Vanishing Village" written by R. S. Thomas.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet describes a deserted and neglected village in this poem. There is only one street, a few houses, one inn and a shop in the village. The street leads nowhere. He wishes for the betterment of the village.</div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><div style="text-align: justify;">The poet prays for the life and prosperity of the vanishing village and says that actually village is the basic unit of man's population in this world. The vast and meaningful world moves around the axis of village. Even the great plan of the world of soul and matter thought out by Plato's great mind had importance for such a basic unit.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;">Reference Context & Explanation:</h2><h3 style="text-align: justify;">(i) Autumn (T. E. Hulme)</h3><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-4: A touch of ... farmer.</h3></div><div><div><b><i>A touch of cold in the autumn night</i></b></div><div><b><i>I walked abroad</i></b></div><div><b><i><br /></i></b></div><div><b><i>And saw the ruddy moon lean over a hedge</i></b></div><div><b><i>Like a red-faced farmer.</i></b></div></div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">These lines have been taken from the short poem "Autumn" written by T. E. Hulme and given under the title of Images and Impressions.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The poet tells us about the appearances of moon and stars on an autumn night in this poem.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><p style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The poet tells us in these lines that he was walking outside in the open one autumn night. As he was walking, he saw the red colored moon at the top of the hedge. It looked like the red healthy face of a village farmer.</p></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 5-7: I did not ... town children.</h3><div><div><b><i>I did not stop to speak, but nodded,</i></b></div><div><b><i>And round about were the wistful stars</i></b></div><div><b><i>With white faces like town children</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">These lines have been taken from the short poem "Autumn" written by T. E. Hulme and given under the title of Images and Impressions.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The poet tells us about the appearances of moon and stars on an autumn night in this poem.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><div>The poet did not stop and nodded to the moon as if the moon was speaking to him and he was listening to it. Then he noticed that stars were looking at the scene rather wistfully like the white faces of the children that live in towns.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><br /></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">(ii) Fog (Carl Sandburg)</h3></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 1-2: The fog ... feet.</h3><div><div><b><i>The fog comes</i></b></div><div><b><i>On little cat feet. </i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Fog" written by Carl Sandburg and given under the title of Images and Impressions.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The poet tells us about the arrival in and departure from a city of fog or mist.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div></div><p style="text-align: left;">The poet tells us in these lines that the mist comes over a city very stealthily like a cat.</p><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Lines 3-6: It sits ... moves on.</h3><div><div><b><i>It sits looking <br />Over the harbour and city rol</i></b></div><div><b><i><br />On silent haunches <br />And then moves on.</i></b></div></div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Fog" written by Carl Sandburg and given under the title of Images and Impressions.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">The poet tells us about the arrival in and departure from a city of fog or mist.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div></div><div>The poet tells us in these lines that the fog comes over the city and as if sits on its hind legs like a cat, looking over the city and the port. Later on, when the sun shines brightly, it disappears as stealthily as it had come earlier.</div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><br /></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">(iii) Metro: Paris (Ezra Pound)</h3></div><div><b><i>The apparition of these faces in the crowd; <br /></i></b><b><i>Petals on a wet black bough.</i></b></div><div><div><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Reference: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">These lines have been taken from the poem "Metro: Paris" written by Ezra Pound and given under the title of Images and Impressions.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Context: </h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">In this little poem the poet tells us how the crowds of persons seem to him at the station of underground railway in Paris.</div></h3><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Explanation:</h3></div><p style="text-align: left;">The poet tells us that the faces of the persons at the station of underground railway in Paris (called Metro) seem to him as wet petals on a black branch.</p></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjXCgUEgG-bEMqa6wH-EqH4Yly2zTwJfPBmFMSGJiXcdG78AlA2SyPkCsMXTCBqvquLxIB4lAO0yB-MI2UXotKMve2U6ElT0Bd8koGS4scgLsNdYJ0LGB3QB6PbwyD_YiNCLE3WCy1_Y6dmABucyElIuEXBFEjBkDXsrGUMToXT6nJNWZX1yJpmDGxxcQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Images and Impressions (i) Autumn (T. E. Hulme) (ii) Fog (Carl Sandburg) (iii) Metro (Ezra Pound) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjXCgUEgG-bEMqa6wH-EqH4Yly2zTwJfPBmFMSGJiXcdG78AlA2SyPkCsMXTCBqvquLxIB4lAO0yB-MI2UXotKMve2U6ElT0Bd8koGS4scgLsNdYJ0LGB3QB6PbwyD_YiNCLE3WCy1_Y6dmABucyElIuEXBFEjBkDXsrGUMToXT6nJNWZX1yJpmDGxxcQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Images and Impressions (i) Autumn (T. E. Hulme) (ii) Fog (Carl Sandburg) (iii) Metro (Ezra Pound) Important Questions" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b><p></p><p style="text-align: left;"><b>Question No 1. Bring out the literary merits and qualities of the three little poems given under the topic: "Images and Impressions. Or Write the critical appreciation of the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The three small poems given under the single title "Images and Impressions" include Autumn by T. E. Hulme, Fog by Carl Sandburg and Metro: Paris by Ezra Pound. These are all written by imagist poets in the early 20th century, in revolt against romanticism. These poets are in favor of clarity of expression through the use of exact and precise imagery of the thing. These poets have presented exact "subjective" pictures of the things they describe. Their aim is to promote "visionary" quality among the readers. Autumn presents a graphic picture of an autumn night. The poet observes the moon and the stars. Here he uses two apt and realistic similes. The moon appears as red as a red-faced farmer (as there is no pollution in the place) and the stars seem to be as wistfully twinkling as the white faces of the town children.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The fog in Fog takes the shape of a cat as metaphor. It comes on "little cat feet" and sits on "haunches" silently like a cat "looking/Over the harbor and the city". Later on, it moves away as silently as it had arrived. The image is perfect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The faces of the crowds of people seen at the platform through the window of the underground railway (Metro: Paris) is given a graphic image. These faces seem to be unreal, as petals on a wet black branch. The simile is again perfect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So as we have seen, the 2nd poem presents a metaphor whereas the 1st and the 3rd poems presents similes and all of these are exact and precise. There is no wastage of words. The poems may be called as depicting nature (man is also a part of nature) and natural landscape. There is no deep philosophy in them, nor is there any didactive lesson/advice in them.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poems may be given the name of short lyrics. These are all the three written in free verse, having no rhythm of words (syllables and feet etc.) but rhythm of ideas/thoughts. Vocabulary is simple and mostly monosyllabic in the first two poems and mostly polysyllabic in the third poem. All of them create good visual effect before the mental eyes of the readers.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 2. Which of the three poems given under the topic "Images and Impressions" do you like most and why?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Out of three short poems given under the topic "Images and Impressions", I like "Autumn" most of all. This poem has been written by H. E. Hulme. I like this poem as it presents a graphic picture of an autumn night. The observation of the poet is very keen and precise. He gives evocative images of a "red faced farmer" and "white faces" of the "town-children". The poet has contrasted the unpolluted rural atmosphere with the polluted urban atmosphere.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem has two metaphors, two similes and two symbols. The moon and the stars have been personified. Moon is leaning over the hedge with red face and stars are wistful with white faces. Then the moon is red like the red-faced farmer and the stars are white like the town children's white faces. Then the red-faced farmer is the symbol of unpolluted village life and the white-faced children are the symbol of the polluted city life. So the poem has many poetical delicacies.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The vocabulary is simple, evocative and monosyllabic. The theme of the poem is commonplace but it has been turned into something special by the alluring hand of the poet.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Due to all these reasons, I like this poem most of all the three poems given under the title "Images and Impressions".</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. Read the poems carefully and comment on the art of the imagist poets with reference to their keen observation of their surroundings, physical and social.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans.</b> When we read the poems collected under the title of "Images and Impressions", we find one quality that is common. All these are the samples of imagist art. The imagist movements started in poetry in the early 20th century. It was a reaction/revolt against romanticism in poetry that had been much popular during 19th century. The romantics believed in coloring of practical scenes and things with a "coloring of imagination". The imagists, as a revolt, worked for clarity of expressions. They achieved this goal through the use of precise images.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">These imagist poets show a keen observation of their surroundings, both physical as well as social, and express the same in clear-cut and exact terms. The poem "Autumn" presents a good example of this art. Physical as well as social observation has been versified in the poem. The moon is red but it is red like a healthy "red-faced" villager. The stars are white but "wistful" and "white" "like town children". The two colors noticed by the poet in moon and stars are physically present but the comparison of colors shows the social observation of the poet. He has observed the clear cut social difference between the "red-faced farmer" and "white faces" of "town-children". So he gives a social simile instead of a drawing-box simile and makes his image perfectly physical as well as social.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem "Fog" tells us about the stealthy way in which the fog suddenly hovers over the city, and then suddenly leaves it. "Metro: Paris" tells us about the faces of the under-ground railway passengers that are like "apparitions" and that seem to be "Petals on a wet black bough". It tells us a lot about the social as well as the economic background of the persons travelling on Metro.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Prepare a list of metaphors, similes and symbols used by the poets to give a vivid shape to their vision.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>In the first poem "Autumn", moon and stars have been used as metaphor. These have been personified. The moon is "beaming over a hedge" like a man. The stars are "wistful" and have "white faces". Then in the second poem "Fog", fog is personified as "cat" who "comes/On little ... feet" and "sits looking/Over the harbor and city". It sits "On ... haunches" and, later on, "moves on".</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So far as similes are concerned, we find in the first poem "Autumn" the moon ruddy "Like a red-faced farmer." Then we have "white faces" "like town children". Then in the second poem "Fog" fog has the quality of coming and moving on as stealthily as "cat". It also sits "On silent haunches" like a cat. In the third poem "Metro: Paris" the faces of the crowds are like "apparitions" and are also like "Petals on a wet black bought".</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So far as symbols are concerned, the "red-faced farmer" in "Autumn" is a symbol of the healthy and unpolluted rural life whereas the "white-faces" of the "town-children" are the symbol of sick and polluted urban life. In "Metro: Paris" "wet black bough" is the symbol of polluted life of the big metropolitan city, Paris.</p></div><div><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-39960240548112682972022-02-15T23:05:00.001-08:002022-02-15T23:05:22.194-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Important Questions<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhVck-umUevG4r0mPzT3cndREkQe87S_0Hbhu29XjKN4aDrZ43Ia_IRlal08ubgcgdxjhtjkSC_2PCqGvbj9V41mbw-WvMtWnXN9Ucz8_nNiNZL0cV29VxY2ufQ8uEgnEkVaFJbyeBLF0L3Pi5HYi2hdRXXysR2t41VXG62XICit5N1iPnjhwZ8zIRErQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhVck-umUevG4r0mPzT3cndREkQe87S_0Hbhu29XjKN4aDrZ43Ia_IRlal08ubgcgdxjhtjkSC_2PCqGvbj9V41mbw-WvMtWnXN9Ucz8_nNiNZL0cV29VxY2ufQ8uEgnEkVaFJbyeBLF0L3Pi5HYi2hdRXXysR2t41VXG62XICit5N1iPnjhwZ8zIRErQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Snake (D. H. Lawrence) Important Questions" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. Describe as simply as you can the arrival of the snake at the water trough and its departure back into its hole. [Snake by D. H. Lawrence]</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>It was a very hot summer July day in the city of Etna in Sicily. The poet came down from his stairs in pajamas with a pitcher to get water. He saw a snake at his water-trough. The snake had come out of a crack in the mud-wall. The wall was under the large shadow of a carob-tree. The snake had dragged its long golden body slowly. It rested its throat on the stone bottom of the trough. At that place water was falling from the tap. The snake drank water from there peacefully.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The snake lifted its head while drinking, like cattle, and looked all around itself. It moved its forked tongue, mused awhile, and drank again. Later, it raised its head dreamily and moved its tongue again, satisfied. Then it went towards its hole and started to enter into it. It seemed to the poet like a lord of the under-ground world.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet hit it with a log and it moved its remaining body hastily into the hole. Very soon afterwards, it disappeared into its dark hole completely.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. Describe the conflict in the mind of D. H. Lawrence at the presence of the snake at his water-trough.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>When the poet saw a snake at his water-trough, he had a conflict in his mind. Again and again there were subtle changes in his relationship with the snake.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">At first, he feels a little angry with it as he had to stand waiting for his turn at his own water trough, the snake being the first comer.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he feels honoured to feel that the snake was a guest at his water-trough, he being the host.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he listens to his voice of education that tells him to kill it as it is a poisonous snake. But he cannot kill it as he is appreciating its beauty and its style of drinking.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then the snake returns to its dark hole and the poet, forced by the voice of education plus his own disgust, strikes at it with a wooden log/stick.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he feels remorse for having struck. He wishes that the snake should arrive again and be honoured, loved and appreciated by him, so that he can expiate.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. Write the critical appreciation of the poem "Snake by D. H. Lawrence".</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "Snake" by D. H. Lawrence is one the most remarkable poems in English literature. It was written in 1921 and has been popular even since that time. The poet saw a snake drinking water at his water-trough. He got one sensation and consideration after another after seeing the snake. Here he gives all the different stages of his serious consideration about the snake.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem has different layers of meanings as it goes on to tell us about poet's different reactions to the presence of the snake at his water-trough. The poet has well analyzed all his sensations in detail. To start with with, he sees the snake as an intruder who keeps him waiting for water at his own water-trough. Later on, this feeling gives way to another feeling. Now he feels that the snake is a guest and he is host, and he feels honoured at that!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The considerations of the poet again changes. His education tells that golden snakes of Sicily are poisonous and he should kill the snake as it is golden. But before he could attack it, he begins enjoying its beauty. He does not kill it, and because he is a coward but because it is a beautiful creature and he enjoys its beauty.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Later, the snake starts entering a dark hole and the poet is horrified. He throws a log at the trough the snake is able to enter safely into its hole. He now starts feeling shame and remorse at his hitting the snake. He feels that the snake was an exiled king that has now again returned to its under-ground kingdom, there to be crowned again. So the poet feels that he had treated such an exalted personality with a meanness. He feels that if the snake would come back, he would amend his behavior and would show it due honor and respect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme of the poem is appreciation of the beauty even in the seemingly ugly things. It is a grand theme. The same has been the theme of a very important classic of English literature. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by S. T. Coleridge. The beauty should be appreciated in all the creations of God. It is a very good lesson for us all that the poet teaches through this poem.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme has been presented in a very sweet manner through a great sublime audio-visual imagery. We begin to see all the drama of the arrival and departure of the snake, we see "flickering" of the "forked tongue" of the snake, we see the "writhing", "wriggling" slow-moving long body of the snake moving into its dark hole. The theme has been expressed through a good set of pictures. The theme is serious and has been presented in a serious way.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem, in fact, becomes a sweet narration _ a song in praise of snake _ a lyric in appreciation of the snake's beauty. It is a dramatic narration. The poem has been written in free verse in which all the lines are end-stopped without any enjambment. But there is the rhythm of the ideas in the poem that makes it well-balanced. The vocabulary is simple and elaborate. All the aspects of the appearance of the snake as well as changing conditions of the poet's consideration have been very aptly and suitably described. The diction is modern and well-suited to the grand and useful theme of the poem. The vocabulary is all related to the body of the snake and its movements. The poem is altogether a good and sublime one, teaching us a valuable lesson of appreciation of beauty of nature even in seemingly ugly and dangerous creatures as snakes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Pick out all the descriptive words used for the snake.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Here are all the descriptive words used for the snake by the poet:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Snake (line 1), yellow-brown slackness soft-bellied/Down (lines 9-10), sipped with straight mouth (line 13), Softly drank through his straight gums, into his slack long body (line 14), lifted his head ... as cattle do (line 17), looked at ... vaguely, as driking cattle do (line 18), flickered his two-forked tongue from his lips, and mused a moment (line 19), stooped (line 20), earth brown, earth golden (line 21), peaceful, pacified and thankless (line 30), lifted ... head, dreamily (line 43), flickered his tongue like a forked night (line 44), seemingly to lick his lips (line 45), looked around like a god (line 46), slowly turned his head (line 47), slowly, very slowly ... proceeded to draw his slow length curving around (lines 48-49), climb again (line 50), put his head (line 51), snake-easing his shoulders (line 52), drawing into (line 5), deliberately going ... slowly drawing (line 54), convulsed in undignified haste (line 60), withed like lightning and was gone (line 61) one of the lords of the life (line 73).</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 5. Why does the poet think of his education as "accursed"?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poet thinks of his education as "accursed" because (1) it did not allow him to appreciate the beauty of the snake, (2) it did not allow him to honor the snake as a guest and (3) it tempted him to kill the snake although it was returning to its dark hole without harming him.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 6. Can you point out the subtle changes in the poet's relationship with the snake.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>There come subtle changes in the poet's relationship with the snake.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">At first, he feels a little angry with it as he had to stand waiting for his turn at his own water trough, the snake being the first comer.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he feels honoured to feel that the snake was a guest at his water-trough, he being the host.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he listens to his voice of education that tells him to kill it as it is a poisonous snake. But he cannot kill it as he is appreciating its beauty and its style of drinking.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then the snake returns to its dark hole and the poet, forced by the voice of education plus his own disgust, strikes at it with a wooden log/stick.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he feels remorse for having struck. He wishes that the snake should arrive again and be honoured, loved and appreciated by him, so that he can expiate.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 7. Why is the poet glad to see the snake at his water trough?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poet is glad to see the snake at his water trough because it was a beautiful golden (although poisonous!) snake and it had arrived at his water trough as a guest, to provide him the opportunity to be hospitable.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-12455094046186203522022-02-15T23:05:00.000-08:002022-02-15T23:05:18.308-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Important Questions<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjDLw7AkwPko5dwb0InYF3XkXqDI4zQkh5VwiYdInQBzH7YSMt6JjWpsg9q_CUrsrRMo8SzuDfEVmapkR543f3-IT8jf2aDgLiT4RDktM7wAUu-zbb1bvIzYa0Ka8XtgM3p8zQnOR8ejIN3QqHPy4UKnmE4C2n4G67r16lvXqIf_-f5SjG3l_UXI7LbEQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjDLw7AkwPko5dwb0InYF3XkXqDI4zQkh5VwiYdInQBzH7YSMt6JjWpsg9q_CUrsrRMo8SzuDfEVmapkR543f3-IT8jf2aDgLiT4RDktM7wAUu-zbb1bvIzYa0Ka8XtgM3p8zQnOR8ejIN3QqHPy4UKnmE4C2n4G67r16lvXqIf_-f5SjG3l_UXI7LbEQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Politics (W. B. Yeats) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. "Yeats contrasts the reality of politics with the reality of love" _ discuss with reference to "Politics".</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Yeats contrasts the reality of politics with the reality of love in his poem "Politics". On one side there are a young girl standing. On the other side there is a much travelled man and a politician. The traveller has seen the world with his own eyes and has got first hand practical knowledge about that. On the other hand, the politician is a theoretical fellow. He has read and thought much. Both of them (the traveller and the politician) are telling the poet about the political situation of the world at present and about the dangers of war. The poet does not take much interest in that dull discussion. He wishes to become young again so that he may love and embrace the girl standing at a side and leave the petty politics of the world altogether. The poet thus prefers "love" to "politics".</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. Critically evaluate "Politics" by W. B. Yeats. Or Write the critical appreciation of the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This is a very sweet poem about a very sweet aspect of life: love. It tells us about the importance of love in human life and also about the un-importance of politics. The poet presents before us a very important issue and gives his own decision as well. The world politics is supposed to be a very important item for human consideration but the poet is not ready to give it as much importance. According to him there is a contrast between the reality of love and the reality of politics. The reality of love, according him, is more important than the reality of politics and political dangers.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The subject matter of the poem is deeply linked with human love. It tells us about politics, too. It is a social verse. The poet is bored of the talk of politics and wars and attends to a girl standing at a little distance away from him. He wishes to be young again and to embrace that young girl with full love, leaving away all the petty world politics and war-dangers.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet has put the subject-matter for our consideration in a very sincere and ingenuous way. The way of presentation is most modern and precise. There are no useless details and side-tracks in the poem. It is epigrammatic in style like good Latin and Greek classical poetry. It is, infact, a sweet lyric composed in iambic feet but with a lot of variation. We note that lines no. 9 and 11 are in iambic tetrameter and 10 and 12 have iambic trimeter as their rhythm. The rhyme scheme of the stanzas is a b c b with three stanzas of 4 lines each.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Many words of the poem are monosyllabic. Some of the lines are totally composed of such words, such as:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">That has read and thought, (line 8)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Of war and war's alarms, (line 9)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and And held her in my arms. (line 12)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The last two lines are the most forceful and leave a lasting impression on us. This is really a sweet and loveable poem.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. How does the poet distinguish between the "travelled man" and the "politician"?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The "travelled man", according to eh poet, is one</p><p style="text-align: justify;">.... that knows</p><p style="text-align: justify;">What he talks about,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">i. e., he has got first hand experience of life. On the other hand, the politician is the man.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">That has read and thought,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">i. e., he has got theoretical and not practical knowledge.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Why does the poet wish to be young again?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poet wishes to be young again so that he can have full sentiments of love for the girl standing at a little distance and can embrace her with love, leaving all the petty politics and war alarms aside!</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEho0EvitR-V1GX4WLlHq7szH75kTBlH9KZr1jq_79fKFZnCtTgZpNj2GkI0JbJ5SagOa_E0Ph88DKXeAVy3zhDHeeMWwCZTaaiC3Xq_KAOeHR3LNL7-l8uqgi0aXxTsDhVQkn_U8BOgWtnWoHGX3PAZ1tKjmQHrLmcPoiXCiFmc39LqCWQHxazvXTniEg=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Say This City Has Ten Million Souls (W. H. Auden) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEho0EvitR-V1GX4WLlHq7szH75kTBlH9KZr1jq_79fKFZnCtTgZpNj2GkI0JbJ5SagOa_E0Ph88DKXeAVy3zhDHeeMWwCZTaaiC3Xq_KAOeHR3LNL7-l8uqgi0aXxTsDhVQkn_U8BOgWtnWoHGX3PAZ1tKjmQHrLmcPoiXCiFmc39LqCWQHxazvXTniEg=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Say This City Has Ten Million Souls (W. H. Auden) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. Critically evaluate the poem "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Or. Bring out the theme, style and rhythm of the poem "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Or. What are the beauties and delicacies of W. H. Auden's "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls".</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This is a very serious poem written in a light manner. The poet presents a serious thought for our consideration, the thought of man misbehaving with man on the basis of political, religious, or other such differences. Human life, when imprisoned in the chains of these difference, falls down beneath the animal level.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The tone of the writer is satiric but light. He presents the item/theme for us to consider but at no place becomes sour or bitter. Such a satire is better placed in literature as well as in life. The poet is able to impress us a lot and the poem leaves a lasting impression on us not only for the present but also for the future. The subject matter of the poem is humanitarian and, hence, very noble and sublime. It relates with man's political distribution in the world society. It promotes human love and friendship and makes us realize our narrow mindedness that divides man into different compartments.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is about the German Jews who migrated to the U. S. A. for the fear of the Hitler's cruel treatment. It is sort of dramatic address or song in which they tell us about their bad condition. They know that the city of New York holds one crore persons, some very rich, others very poor. But the city does not have any shelter for them. They cannot return to their own country for fear of Hitler. Their passports have grown out-dated and do not hold any weight politically. Even yew trees in churchyards/graveyards have their spring time but the German Jews immigrants do not have any spring time. Even the political leaders of he U. S. A. speak against them. They are hunted and caught. They are not helped. Even the dogs, cats, fishes and birds have a home and can move freely here and there. But the immigrants do not have even as much freedom. Even in their dreams they see thousand-storeyed houses with numberless rooms - but there is no room for them at all.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme has been treated very seriously and rather satirically. The poet presents the case of the immigrants very ingenuously and cleverly. He makes a comparison between man's life and bird (or animal) life. Even the birds, dogs, cats, fishes are free. They have a home. They are cared for. But the immigrants are deprived of all such facilities of life. The imagery of the poem, so to speak, is very real and full of reality.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The words used by the poet are evocative. They make us share the misery of the immigrants. The air of the poem is full of pathos. We are much impressed by the miserable lot of the fellows described in the poem. The repetition of the word "my dear" in third line of every stanza makes us feel on with them. Moreover, the repetition of the third line (except the words "my dear") in every stanza in the fourth line leaves a sort of reassuring influence upon us and we cannot but be impressed with the style!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is a sort of dramatic dialogue, or appeal of the immigrants to the public/readers. It has been written in 4 line stanzas with the first and second line of every stanza rhyming with each-other like heroic couplets and third line repeated (minus "my dear" as stated above!) in the fourth one for a sort of reassurance of the statement. All the lines are end stopped, without any sort of enjambment. The feet are neither regular nor equal in lines. They vary freely like free verse but the repetition of 3rd line into fourth gives a sort of repeated rhythm and music. The syllables vary between 6 and 14. Majority of the words in the repeated lines are monosyllabic. The poem leaves an effect on us as desired by the poet. It is a very successful poem. The poet has successfully captured the sense of alienation, estrangement and isolation of the "forced" immigrants and has made us aware of their social, political and human problems. It is written for the German immigrant Jews but its appeal is universal - it fits any sort of immigrants very effectively.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. Bring out the misery and plight that was faced by the migrating German Jews in the U. S. A. (or New York)? [Say This City Has Ten Million Souls: W. H. Auden]</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "Say This City Has Ten Million Souls" by W. H. Auden tells us about the misery and plight of those German Jews that had migrated from Germany to U. S. A., specially to New York, for the fear of persecution at the hands of the Nazi Regime headed by Adolf Hitler.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">These people were living at a sub-human level. They could not move freely. They could not have any solution of their problem. Even the American politicians were against their settlement in the U. S. A. They were the prey of the estrangement, alienation and isolation. Even dogs and cats were (at least the pet ones) welcomed into cozy homes, but not the refugees. Even the fishes could swim freely. Even the birds could fly in the air and sing happily and freely. But the immigrants could not enjoy such facilities.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">They had their homeland, i. e., Germany still present on the pages of the Atlas but her gates were shut up for them. They could not return there as Hitler still ruled there and if they returned, he would kill them. Here in the U. S. A. they were facing the questions of identity and entity. Their passports had expired and could not be renewed.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Their life was miserable. They were, perhaps, kept in refugee camps. And if they would try to leave that and go somewhere else, they were searched out and brought back by the soldiers to their camps. They were living a very poor life. There was a lot misery in their life. One feels sad for them when one reads the poem.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. The poet has used several numerical images: what effect does this create?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poet has used several numerical images. This creates an effect of contrast. We at once begin feeling contrast between the rich city and the poor miserable refugees living in poor condition.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. What is the basic theme of the poem?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The basic theme of the poem is alienation, estrangement and isolation of the immigrants/refugees in the new land. They have to live at sub-standard level. They are looked down upon. They are ill-treated. They are not looked after well.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 5. What are some of the typically urban elements of the poem?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This poem has many typically urban elements. The poet talks about "ten million souls" living in "mansions" and "holes". He talks about the "passports". He talks about the "consul" banging "the table". He talks about the "committee" that "offered" "a chair" but did not solve the problems. He talks about "a public meeting" where the "speaker" was talking about a pet dog, "a poodle" in "a jacket". He talks about "the harbour" and "the quay". He talks about a dream of "a building with thousand floors" and "no one" for the refugees. All these are typically urban elements.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjptC36lv9hkTKhslQpxvR9W60lZzBsxJrxCMxoX28aLeuhjeLxAKilPWbIICrFiBem7hrREcJCPlHaCBhpbV-phm4C8uEwoSarghglrbX96D-6znrSK1AnYWpt39vG_tbGblsAgozEKU11KlPcO0YZ7N2OgL6IbhZJV2XMurT_VPBZd_v82zNOags9iQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Hawk's Monologue (Ted Hughes) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjptC36lv9hkTKhslQpxvR9W60lZzBsxJrxCMxoX28aLeuhjeLxAKilPWbIICrFiBem7hrREcJCPlHaCBhpbV-phm4C8uEwoSarghglrbX96D-6znrSK1AnYWpt39vG_tbGblsAgozEKU11KlPcO0YZ7N2OgL6IbhZJV2XMurT_VPBZd_v82zNOags9iQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Hawk's Monologue (Ted Hughes) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 1. Bring out the beauties and delicacies of the poem "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes. Or Write Critical Appreciation of the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>It is though-provoking poem that tells us symbolically about a dictator. Hawk has been taken as a symbol. Just as a hawk feels it is the sole-ruler of the kingdom of birds, in the same way a dictator becomes power-drunk and feels that he is all-powerful and is always right.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet wishes to make us realize about this delusion on the part of the dictator that he has been specially made to rule the world whereas the others have been created to be ruled. Under the cover of the hawk, he lays open/bare before us all the follies of such a fellow.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme of the poem is the power and might of the hawk that makes it power-drunk. It always lives in the upper-most branches of the forest-tress. It feels that its curved beak and claws have been made be nature purposefully for preying. The air, the sun and the earth all help it in its job of hunting. It flies freely and kills any bird it likes. Might is its right and might is right for it. Its target is very exact and precise. It flies directly "through" the body of its prey and doesn't need any argument to assert its right. It finds the sun at its back and intends to hold everything under its rule as it has found it.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This powerful theme of the poem has been put forth in strong and suitable words. The vocabulary is as aggressive as the flight and killing of the hawk. These lines are particularly worth quoting:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For the one path of my flight is direct</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Through the bones of living (lines 18-19)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The imagery of the poem is full of life. We begin seeing hawk ruling over the forest with all its might and destructive powers. The words used are evocative with deep emotion and a hidden strength which becomes manifest as we read/recite the poem aloud. The poem is a very good dramatic romantic lyric in the form of a monologue. It has been written in free verse with no rhyme except in line 3 and 4 that end in "feet" and "eat" (by chance) respectively. The number of syllables vary from 6 to 11 in different lines according to the flow of ideas or images. The poem, however, stands divided in 6 stanzas of 4 lines each. The words are mostly multi-syllabic, simple but elaborate.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. Does the hawk accept the realities of life? Discuss with reference to "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans.</b> The hawk in "Hawk's Monologue" by Ted Hughes does not accept the realities of life. It is living under a continuous illusion. Right from the time it has gained consciousness, it has seen itself above other birds. It has been ruling the forest so to speak. It has seen that nature has never deceived it. The air's buoyancy has always been there to help it. The sun has always given it light. The earth has always presented itself below its feet. Nothing has changed. It has been killing the birds. All these continuities have assured it that its rule and domination over others will go on for ever. But there is one thing to be noted which it never notes. It is that all its powers are granted by God and God can take these whenever He likes. Hawk forgets in its power-drunkenness that it is, after-all, going to die one day.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So we see that the hawk does not accept the realities of life and that serves to take it towards a miserable end. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 3. Discuss the theme of the poem. Do Hawk's assertions of all powerfulness impress you? If not, why?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Actually the poem Hawk's Monologue is symbolic. Hawk is a symbol of despotic ruler or a dictator who feels that he has been born to rule the people. The theme of the poem is the delusion of the power-drunk dictator. Such a fellow feels and asserts his all-powerfulness and goes to such advanced limits there remains no place to retreat and he has to die a humble and humiliated death.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The assertions of all-powerfulness of the hawk (i.e., such a dictator) do not impress us at all. We know that no bird (or man) can be all-powerful. Only Allah Almighty is All-Powerful. Man is mortal. He can never be all-powerful.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Discuss the images used by the poet to highlight the grandeur and impact of the Hawk's physical strength and domination over other creatures.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>In the poem Hawk's Monologue we find that the poet Ted Hughes has used many images to highlight the grandeur and impact of the Hawk's physical strength and domination over other craters.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">To start with, we find the hawk with eyes closed, but with</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"..... no falsifying dream</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Between my hooked head and hooked feet." (line 2-3)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Later on, the hawk boasts that all the conveniences of nature like "air's buoyancy and the sun's rays" are made for it.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Ans the earth's face upward for my inspection." (line 8)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Still, later on, it tells us that</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"It took the whole of creation</p><p style="text-align: justify;">To produce my foot, my each feather". (line 10-11)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and as result:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Now I hold creation in my foot." (line 12)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">There is a very forceful image in the lines:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"My manners are tearing off heads ....</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The allotment of death</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For the one path of my flight is direct</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Through the bones of the living." (lines 16-19)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">There is another powerful image that comes near the end:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"The sun is behind me." (line 21)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The last two lines close the poem with another powerful assertion:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"My eye has permitted no change</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I am going to keep things like this." (lines 23-24)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So we find a whole line of images used by the poet to highlight the grandeur and impact of the Hawk's physical strength and domination over other creature.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-73492344438328155302022-02-10T22:31:00.000-08:002022-02-10T22:31:02.988-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Important Questions<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhCfZkKhsyxXP63PtjP1xMjYJfZhCKCyurR2ZAs6-nSj0_JYPOMoyUA3j5nkMd6iPtC7409PZE5Cybd7keldxoBtEVfBC7d3_Gh1D-5Tw_-jw69aoir9PnSeNvXDh9jrcNmF5eW3hqUoKpNnnpVPrfjOrCi2WEH7L_qZDwqBKOE5pIcCaR8JljzPrMBJg=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhCfZkKhsyxXP63PtjP1xMjYJfZhCKCyurR2ZAs6-nSj0_JYPOMoyUA3j5nkMd6iPtC7409PZE5Cybd7keldxoBtEVfBC7d3_Gh1D-5Tw_-jw69aoir9PnSeNvXDh9jrcNmF5eW3hqUoKpNnnpVPrfjOrCi2WEH7L_qZDwqBKOE5pIcCaR8JljzPrMBJg=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Kubla Khan (S. T. Coleridge) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. Discuss the imagery of "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge. Or</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>"Coleridge succeeds in creating deep audio, visual and tactile impressions on the readers of his poem Kubla Khan" - Do you agree?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>S. T. Coleridge's Kubla Khan is a very extra-ordinary poem in many ways. One of the ways is the deep audio, visual and tactile images given in the poem. The poet has succeeded marvelously in creating an audio, visual and tactile imagery in the poem that leaves lasting impressions on the readers.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Actually, "Kubla Khan" is a poem written under the influence of opium which Coleridge had taken to relieve his neuralgia as there were no medicines discovered for that during his times. After taking the "drug", he went to sleep. During this forced sleep, he saw a vision/dream. The first long stanza (lines 1-36) tells us about his dream and the second, comparatively smaller stanza (lines 37-54) tells us about the poet's grief on (the point of) the loss of that vision. Both of the stanzas are full of audio, visual and tactile images.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The first image that we came across (though a little indirectly) in the poem is that of Kubla Khan, the Chinese Mongol ruler of the 13th century. We find him in the beginning of the poem as ordering that a palace should be built for him in Xanadu. The palace should be a "stately pleasure dome". In the later part, we find him hearing "Ancestral voices prophesying war!" from a distant noisy sea.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Another image we get in the poem is that of the "Twice five miles of fertile ground" where we find a lot of sensual beauty lying naked under the sky for man. There are "caves" so deep that these are "measureless to man". There are "green" "hills" and "cedarn covers" at the sides of the hills. There is the "sacred" river, Alph, going in a "meandering motion" through the "hills", "valleys" and "caves". Then there are the "dancing rocks" through which the "fountain" gushes forth with full force. There is the "deep chasm" which is also "romantic". The "damsel" with a "dulcimer" is again a very forceful image.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">An alluring image we find in lines 14-16:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"A savage place! as holy and enchanted</p><p style="text-align: justify;">As e'er beneath a waning moon was haunted</p><p style="text-align: justify;">By woman wailing for her demon-lover!"</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then there are many audio effects. The noisy upcoming of the geyser or spring is one such image. The "tumult" of the fountain is another in which Kubla heard "Ancestral voices prophesying war" [which is, again, a very great audio-image]. "Wailing" woman is, again, a sweet impression for the ears. "Half intermitted burst" is still another audio-image. "Beware! Beware!" - the words are actually heard by us!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Rebounding hail", "chaffy grain" and "shadow of the dome of pleasure" that "floated .... on the waves" are such images that seem to be tactile or "touchy". "Weave a circle around him thrice" makes us touch the earth for weaving circles (in our imagination, of course).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The image of the poet himself in second stanza (lines 49-54) has all the three images: audio, visual and tactile:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">................. Beware! Beware!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">His flashing eyes, his floating hair!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Weave a circle round him thrice</p><p style="text-align: justify;">And close your eyes with holy dread,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For he on honey-dew hath fed,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">And drunk the milk of Paradise.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So we are right in pointing out that "Kubla Khan" by S. T. Coleridge creates fine audio, visual and tactile impressions on us. It is really a wonderful poem and leaves an everlasting impression on us.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. Bring out the qualities of Kubla Khan by S. T. Coleridge. Or Write Critical Appreciation of the Poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This is a very famous poem in English literature. The is an example of Coleridge's conception of the fantastic and super-natural. The poet has brought all the elements of imagination and fantasy at work here. As a result, there moves around the poem an air of magic and dream. Actually the poet had seen a dream under the influence of a drink of opium, and he has tried to capture the dream in this poem. That is the reason of the presence of a trance-like atmosphere in the poem which makes it distinguished. The writer wishes to show his dream, or a part of his dream, to the readers.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is actually a fantasy. The poet tells us about the accomplishment of an order of Kubla Khan, the Emperor of China, during thirteenth century. The Khan had ordered for building a palace and a very big and beautiful palace was built in Xanadu. Ten miles fertile land was encircled with towers and walls. The sacred river, Alph, also ran there. There was a large number of green sweet-smelling trees there. There was also a deep chasm out of which came a fountain. The palace had a sunlit dome of pleasure. Its shadows fell on the sacred river Alph. The hilly fountain threw water continuously with force and it created a great noise. In the middle of that noise Kubla Khan heard ancestral voices prophesying war.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Once the poet had seen a negro maiden singing and playing music in his dream. Her song was very delightful and pleasing. If he would be able to remember the song of the negro lady, he would be able to build the dome of Kubla Khan's palace in his imagination and then show it to the people who would be surprised to see the sunny dome and caves of ice at one and the same place. People would then be afraid of him and take him for some super-natural being.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We meet such type of super-natural atmosphere in some of the other poems of Coleridge, too, as Christabel and The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. The Eve of St. Angnes and Lamia of Keats also have such an atmosphere. Here in Kubla Khan we have the "willing suspension of disbelief" which according to Coleridge is the essential quality of a super-natural piece of poetry/literature.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet has used apt imagery for creating such a desirable effect. Words and statements used by him are evocative and full of sentiments. Coleridge has used the words and images with ingenuity and cleverness. He proves himself to be the master of audio-visual imagery. Words like "Stately pleasure dome", "cedarn covers", "dancing rocks". "deep chasm", "sunless sea", and specially:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"A savage place! as holy and enchanted</p><p style="text-align: justify;">As e'er beneath a waning moon was haunted</p><p style="text-align: justify;">By women wailing for her demon lover!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">(lines 14-16)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">create exact images before our very eyes. Then there is a very wonderful and pretty, magical, image:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!" (line 36)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet's image of himself in lines 50 to 54 (last line) of the poem is remarkable and memorable!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is a good mixture of fancy, romance and imagination. It does not have a set meter. Anyhow, two parts of the poems have two distinctly separate meters. The first part (lines 1-36) very between 6 to 11 syllables whereas the second part (lines 37-54) vary between 6 to 9 syllables. The second part seems to have iambic tetrameter as the basic meter with a little variation in lines 18, 42, 46 and 51. The first part does not seem to have any set meter, yet it starts with iambic tetrameter and moves on to more number of feet. Still the lines are often melodiously rhymed among them. There is a lot of alliteration in the poem. Here are some of them that are conspicuous:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In Xanadu did Kubla Khan (line 1)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">A stately pleasure-dome of decree (line 2)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">With walls and towers were girdled round (line 7)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">By woman wailing for demon lover (line 16)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Five miles meandering with a mazy motion (line 25)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Where was heard the mingled measure (line 33)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For he on honey dew hath fed (line 53)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The vocabulary of the poem is the very forceful and high-sounding and it fulfills the purpose of the poet very successfully. The tone is intimate, the diction and rhythm, appropriate for creating the desired effect. The poem stands divided into two gigantic stanzas, each having its own magically colored audio-visual picture! It is a masterpiece of English literature.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. Pick out all the alliterations in the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans.</b> Here are all the alliterations as we find them in the poem:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. In Xanadu did Kubla Khan (n d, k).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. A stately pleasure dome decree (l, d, r)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. Where Alph the sacred river ran (r)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. Through caverns and measureless to man (r, m)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5. Down to a sunless sea (s)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6. With walls and towers were girdled round (w, d)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">7. And there were gardens with bright sinuous fills (r)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">8. Enfolding sunny spots of greenery (n, s)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">9. Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover (n, r)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">10. As e'er beneath a waning was haunted (n)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">11. By woman wailing for her demon lover (w, n)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">12. And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething (s, m)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">13. A mighty fountain momently was forced (m, n, f)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">14. Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher's flail (th)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">15. Five miles meandering with a mazy motion (m. n)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">16. Through wood and dale the sacred river an (d, r)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">17. Ancestral voices prophesying war (s)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">18. Where was heard the mingled measure (w, m)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">19. It was a miracle of rare device (r)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">20. A sunny pleasure dome with caves of ice (s)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">21. A damsel with a dulcimer (d, s, m)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">22. Her symphony and song (s)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">23. To such a deep delight 't would win me (d, w)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">24. And all who heard should see them there (h, th)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">25. For he on honey-dew hath fed (h, d)</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. What purpose do these serve in the poem?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>These number less alliterations in the poem serve three following purposes:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. These give us pleasure, specially to our ears.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. These make lines memorable very easy.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. These give a strange air to the poem that helps in creating a super-natural tone.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 5. Write a paragraph comparing Tartary and Xanadu.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Tartary and Xanadu are both imaginary and unreal places, one invented by Walter de la Mare, the other, by S. T. Coleridge. Both are very beautifully drawn. Both are very green. Both have enough of flowers and greenery. Both have valleys, hills, dales, streams. But then, Tartary is a land of peace and quietness - a natural beautiful place, whereas Xanadu has some noise and seems to be a place rather supernatural. Otherwise both the lands are rich, fertile and alluring.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-50877339047437169912021-12-07T22:59:00.003-08:002021-12-07T22:59:39.947-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Important Questions<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiGEG9ONNQG4qzFTYyeU0PTlFyguVtBAw8QDM6cg9v9cYgYTUWecKIa3iRufgIwcsIfV5_faeHvVE36GfGlJY8poYvMnoEpcVD9BOXwfsZVkDwgSC9eMn1RHFs_bmPcm_yAxVwVjk3ti4kplOwDDSQKV9FkexDa6FmVT2cPYEu0D09V61AjyGPNqAcpIw=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiGEG9ONNQG4qzFTYyeU0PTlFyguVtBAw8QDM6cg9v9cYgYTUWecKIa3iRufgIwcsIfV5_faeHvVE36GfGlJY8poYvMnoEpcVD9BOXwfsZVkDwgSC9eMn1RHFs_bmPcm_yAxVwVjk3ti4kplOwDDSQKV9FkexDa6FmVT2cPYEu0D09V61AjyGPNqAcpIw=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem When I Have Fears (John Keats) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. Explain the fears of the poet Keats as you find in "When I Have Fears". Or Analyze the thoughts presented in "When I Have Fears" written by John Keats.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "When I Have Fears" is a beautiful sonnet by John Keats. It is a Shakespearean sonnet. In this type of sonnet the idea is introduced and presented by the poet in the first 12 lines whereas in the last two lines the idea is concluded in the most subjective manner. The poet expresses and explains the idea that he has a fear that he may die young (an idea which really proved to be true as he died only at 25). If he dies thus, he would not get enough time to put in black and white all the noble and high ideas that he has in his mind. He wishes to enjoy the romance and delight of love. He wishes to interpret different objects of nature. He wishes to write many stories based on the most tender and delicate feelings and emotions of humanity.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he realizes that beauty and fame are both short-lived and brief. He wishes to enjoy the relish of love. He wishes to enjoy beauty. But he may die before enjoying all that. Such thoughts make him feel as if he is observing all the world of love and beauty from outside. Eternity is the high-serious object that remains; all others come and go. This sublime idea makes him pacified with his mortality.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is very pathetic and prophetic. Keats really died very young. So the autobiographical touch is also there. It is really very sweet and beautiful poem. It is one of those poems that have made Keats immortal in literature. The words used are appropriate and full of images. The poem is a good blend of thought and style.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. What are the poet's fears?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poet expresses his fears in this poem/sonnet. Below we give them in detail.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. He is afraid that he may die before writing whatever he has in his mind.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. He is afraid that he may die before large number of books hold his ripe mental philosophy.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. He is afraid that he may die before he expresses his romantic ideas felt with zeal and fervour.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. He is afraid that he may die before he enjoy the look of the face of his beloved to the full.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5. He is afraid that he may die before he has full enjoyment in "the faery power/Of Unreflecting love".</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. Attempt a critical appreciation of the sonnet.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This is a very famous sonnet of John Keats in which he speaks of two universal truths: a man cannot write all what is in his mind before he dies, (he is speaking in the context of poetry and literature), and love and fame are short-lived and mortal things. Two of Keats's famous themes are touched upon here in this masterpiece sonnet: transient nature of beauty and the unrequited love. He goes on to present his thoughts and ideas about these very sincerely.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The subject is related with man's general destiny and life. Man is mortal and he dies before he can fully realize his capabilities in this mortal world. The poet presents the theme in a very sublime way. He is afraid that he may die before he has written all what he has in his ripe mind and before he has expressed in poetry all the romantic tales and ideas he wishes to express. He is sorry to realize that fame and love both are transitory and mortal things and that his love for his beloved will never be fully realized.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Death has been a subject discussed by many poets in their own way. Keats has presented it in many of his poems, such as Ode to a Nightingale and Ode on a Grecian Urn. Here he presents it in another way. Death cuts short the life before a man is able to realize his capabilities fully. He has expressed his ideas very sincerely. The imagery is romantic. Such lines are noteworthy:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Night's starr'd face",</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance",</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and "Magic hand of chance",</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Imagery of the poem is soft and tender. Words have been used quite with an ingenuous hand. The theme is straightforward expressed. Most of the words have been used evocatively.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">It is a sonnet and a Shakespearean sonnet, i.e., having three stanzas and a couplet (the line distribution is 1 2 + 2). The subject has been introduced in the first 12 lines and it has been closed in the last 2 lines. Three stanzas are rhymed a b a b with a couplet at the end. The meter is the most popular English one, i.e., iambic pentameter. Lines are mostly end-stopped. Here and there we find a run-on line (with enjambment) as 3-4, 7-8, and 11-12-13. The rhythm is well-suited to the subject matter. Here and there we find a little alliteration, such as "feel, fair" in line no. 9 and "wide world" in line no. 13. An "n" lingers on in the last half of line 14: "nothingness do sink."</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-20146705308445130002021-12-07T01:30:00.000-08:002021-12-07T01:30:34.864-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem The Vanishing Village (R. S. Thomas) Important Questions<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem The Vanishing Village (R. S. Thomas) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgCwof1Pfsu78K5B_QzqdpjSBqh-C7R2dcY2Yg0XxqV6zdWFglCv9gg3V5GLrTKdUdsqowJvdEFGGv9eBw8liTuDHodnUV1eURFxrENLQeJgacWgYYvW_LO2qCyymgaf9w5GB-tZpULnhwBHBhgbZ0Tl47K3f6fFo0XghER6asm7f3_9_eHZew6Ee9EIQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem The Vanishing Village (R. S. Thomas) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgCwof1Pfsu78K5B_QzqdpjSBqh-C7R2dcY2Yg0XxqV6zdWFglCv9gg3V5GLrTKdUdsqowJvdEFGGv9eBw8liTuDHodnUV1eURFxrENLQeJgacWgYYvW_LO2qCyymgaf9w5GB-tZpULnhwBHBhgbZ0Tl47K3f6fFo0XghER6asm7f3_9_eHZew6Ee9EIQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem The Vanishing Village (R. S. Thomas) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 1. The poem "Vanishing Village" by R. S. Thomas ends at a hopeful note - do you agree?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "The Vanishing Village" by R. S. Thomas is a sad poem. But it ends at a hopeful note. When we start reading the poem, we begin being influenced by the sad, graphic picture of the disappearing village. We feel sad at the picture of one street, a few houses, one inn and one shop. The street leads to the top of the hill and then comes to an end. Such a deserted picture makes us unhappy and sad at heart. Then we are told by the poet about the overgrowth on the sides of the street/way and it increases the effect of wilderness in our heart. Later, we are told about the old black dog who is "cracking his fleas in the hot sun" and we become more uneasy in our minds. That dog is the "history" - it is a tragic and sad remark. The scene creates pathos and sympathy in us.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But here the gloomy picture comes to an end and a turn comes in the poem - a turn that gives a ray of hope in the darkness of vanishing village. The poet shows us this ray of hope in the words:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">... Yet the girl who crosses</p><p style="text-align: justify;">From door to door moves to a scale</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Beyond the bland day's two dimensions (lines 11-30)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The word "yet" and "beyond" fill the atmosphere with optimism. The girl goes from one door to another door and she becomes a symbol of future. She is not static. She is moving. She is a three-dimensional figure. She has a soul, a spirit in her. She has a future in her, too. She becomes the guarantee of the "presence" of a future, and a better future, for the vanishing village. So we see that the poem ends at a hopeful note.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 2. Read the poem carefully. Do you share the sad feelings of the poet about the vanishing village?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Yes, we share the sad feelings of the poet about the vanishing village. Village has a key-role in the life of a country. Village supplies food-grains and other raw-materials for the people of a country of the world. So if a village is being deserted, it shows that man is going to city and city cannot grow food-grains and raw-materials. Village is a basic essential unit of human civilization/population. Naturally when we see the picture of vanishing village in words as "painted" by the poet, we cannot help feeling sad and gloomy at the hard luck of the village. So we share the feelings of sadness shown by the poet about the vanishing/disappearing village.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. Write a critical analysis of the poem showing how far the pet has been effective in communication of his ideas. Or Write Critical Analysis of the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poet presents a gloomy picture of a village which has been a victim of neglect. Perhaps the majority of persons has gone to cities and life in the deserted village has come almost to a standstill. Still there is an undercurrent of life present which guarantees the better future for the village. The poet has written an elegy of the deserted village with a hope for the betterment in its condition. He wishes to gain our consideration and sympathy by the sad graphic picture of the village and he is successful in getting our full attention.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The subject of the poem is related with human life and its mechanical progress. Landscape has been painted in a very realistic manner. The poem makes us remember the poem "The Deserted Village" by Oliver Goldsmith. Goldsmith has been more nostalgic than R. S. Thomas in his memory of sweet Auburn (the name of his village). But Thomas is more witty, brief and epigrammatic in this poem. The theme has been presented in a very serious and objective manner. We may mark the objectivity of such lines as:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">" ... leads nowhere and fails at the top" (line 4)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and " ... the black dog</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cracking his fleas in the hot sun</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Is history." (lines 9-11)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and " ... the girl who crosses</p><p style="text-align: justify;">From door to door ... " (lines 11-12)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Words used in the poem are full of sentiments and passions. The poem is a good lyric having normally 4 feet with two syllables each. But here and there we come across innovations and variations in the meter and rhythm. There is no rhyme except in line 3 and 4 that have "shop" and "top" as rhyming words - may be it is a chance! The division of stanzas is not balanced according to the number of lines but according to the treatment of subject-matter. Reference to Plato in the last lines turns the whole poem into a thought-provoking appeal to the reader. The vocabulary of the poem is simple and direct. The lines are often run-on ones with a lot of enjambment that gives a sort of word-picture of destruction of the village. The poet has been fully effective in the communication of his ideas.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-41498071401517760322021-12-07T01:28:00.000-08:002021-12-07T01:28:54.224-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem After Apple Picking (Robert Frost) Important Questions<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem After Apple Picking (Robert Frost) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhWglG0JFy1Si_8iG4zvtAzUX1Trti8S6sCJ-tGu5IpfAKPtLRbtKotj-yTz2aHOfmAu2qQzpzfv_FLQD4kilnXdlBnGFq7ENXaVCGN87yg84w3mhqwGA10sS6KY6pwyDwtcuSWBoaAkTvNKVN6YQgMVnRNinn2RklF4TAhMlkMS01XxdbDFU6hdJ_eHQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem After Apple Picking (Robert Frost) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhWglG0JFy1Si_8iG4zvtAzUX1Trti8S6sCJ-tGu5IpfAKPtLRbtKotj-yTz2aHOfmAu2qQzpzfv_FLQD4kilnXdlBnGFq7ENXaVCGN87yg84w3mhqwGA10sS6KY6pwyDwtcuSWBoaAkTvNKVN6YQgMVnRNinn2RklF4TAhMlkMS01XxdbDFU6hdJ_eHQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem After Apple Picking (Robert Frost) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. Bring out the literary merits of the poem "After Apple Picking" by Robert Frost. Or Write the Critical Appreciation of the Poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "After Apple Picking" is a master-piece of Robert Frost. In this poem he mingles the world of reality with the world of dream or imagination in a very exquisite way. He presents a human feeling up-to its entire limit. The feeling is that of being tired or fatigued up-to the last extant. The poet is so dead tired that he cannot continue his work of apple-picking anymore. He is, therefore, going to sleep. He does not even bother about the nature of sleep he is going to have or about the dreams he may have during his sleep. He simple wishes to go to sleep! He is going to sleep at any cost!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet presents a commonplace theme is this poem but goes on to make it special with the magic touch of his poetic imagination. He has been collecting/picking apples. He has had a bumper-crops of apples, just as he has desired and prayed for, as he says:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"There were ten thousand thousand fruit to touch,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cherish in hand ...."</p><p style="text-align: justify;">but he has got tired after having picked apples continuously for sometime. The scent of apples joined with the great fatigue has induced a strange type of sleep over him. He is feeling drowsy. And, even before falling asleep, he knows that he is going to dream about loads and loads of magnified apples and hear the noise of falling apples during his sleep.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">He feels a great "attack" of sleep. He is going to lose his hold upon his conscious self and as he hopes to fall asleep, he doesn't even bother what type of sleep he is going to have. It may be an ordinary human sleep; it may be a long dormant sleep like that of wood-chuck; it may be even the final sleep of death. All these possibilities are suggested but the poet leaves the question of the nature of his sleep to be answered by the readers as they like. As "normal" reader of the poem, the writer of these notes hopes that he is going to enjoy a "normal" human sleep.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The subject matter of the poem has been presented in the realistic fashion but with a color of imagination hovering over the reality. The poem is about an aspect of man's life, common man's life, but is has been made romantic by the treatment of the poet. The magic hand of the poet has turned a common, matter-of-fact, subject into an alluring and fascination one. We cannot help but praise the ingenuity and skill of the art of the poet.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The imagery used in the poem is common but exhaustive. The words are full of emotion as well as audio-visual pictures, such as:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">".... long two pointed ladder's sticking through a tree</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Towards heaven still" (line 1-2)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Magnified apples appear and disappear,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Stem end and blossom end" (line 18-19)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"I feel the ladder sway as the boughs bend" (line 23)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"I keep hearing ..... </p><p style="text-align: justify;">The rumbling sound" (line 24-25)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">" ... Ten thousand thousand fruit" (line 30)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We begin smelling something when we read:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Essence of winter sleep is on the night,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The scent of apples ... " (line 7-8)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We begin seeing the color clearly when we read:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">" ... every flack of russet ... " (line 20)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We begin feeling drowsy when we need:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">" ... I am drowsing off</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> I cannot rub the strangeness from my eyes" (line 8-9)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">" ... I am overtired" (line 28)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is good specimen of narrative verse. Its rhythm is subtle and sublime. The lines do not have a fixed number of feet/syllables. The varying number of feet/syllables gives the effect of a drowsiness. Just as a man, who is just going to sleep, feels consciousness and unconsciousness turn by turn, the lines of the poem become long and short turn by turn. Line no. 14 consists only of 4 syllables. The same is the case with line no. 16, line no. 36 and line no. 39 (all of which consists of 4 syllables). Line no. 27 has 6 syllables and line no. 32, only 2 syllables. Some of the longer lines are no. 1, 11, 30 and 40. Lines no. 14, 16, 27, 32, 36 and 39 have totally monosyllable words. The poem, we may say, has a drowsy meter/rhythm, with no fixed feet. Still there is rhyme present in the poem. Almost every line rhymes with the next second or third line.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is a good example of turning the dull daily routine of life into a charming picture. We may see the dullness and heaviness of routine work in this poem as we see it in a sweet manner given in the poem "Women Work" by Maya Angelou. Frost wishes to go to sleep even if the sleep is the dormant sleep of the woodchuck and Maya wishes to lose and find herself in nature:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sun, rain, curving sky</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mountain, oceans, leaf and stone</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Star-shine, moon glow</p><p style="text-align: justify;">You're all that I can call my own.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. "After Apple Picking" by Robert Frost us a great nature-lyric: do you agree?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>It is correct to say that Robert Frost's "After Apple-Picking" is a great nature-lyric. Frost is, in his own way, a poet of nature. Here he gives a graphic picture of a farmer, an apple picket, who had desired a bumper-crop but has now become dead-tired of picking the apples. When we go through the poem, we find it full of "apple-scent" and the "essence of winter night" that is in the air. The reddish brown color of the apples is visualized by us. The poem is a great nature-lyric giving an account of a simple pastoral activity - the apple-picking. But Frost always writes things having different layers of understanding and the same is the case with this poem.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">On the outset, the poem presents a picture of a drowsy man. But if look deeply into the matter, we find that the poem (like "Lights Out" by Edward Thomas) has a deeper meaning, too. The sleep may be a symbol of death. When death comes, one has to leave all his duties, works and daily routines, however important and noble one may be thinking them. So the garden/orchard becomes the physical world, the apple-tree becomes the individual human life and the sleep becomes death. The story of the farmer becomes the story of every man.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The description of the apple-tress, the apples and all the frosty scene of the evening are full of sensuous existence. All this shows that the poem is a profound nature-lyric by Robert Frost.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-89509934410052632912021-12-01T23:24:00.005-08:002021-12-01T23:24:56.920-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Important Questions<h1><b>BSc BA </b>ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9hEb4MDSPOIaiAktsY1yAGm5pEPmJq5x4kr75CTLlb2gl1_KuvkmPLxOGdh5FQ0H2o7VSdsCcdbebDz1BSEqyzcs-xqscaLU1SG431jV_cNJd8K5ppGxgxJmrdyFRe8rf2QfZTg_XjTy_EfqogOmUS26lkglR0cM-6i98TDGcLSt96IXjVB1fLJkQKg=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9hEb4MDSPOIaiAktsY1yAGm5pEPmJq5x4kr75CTLlb2gl1_KuvkmPLxOGdh5FQ0H2o7VSdsCcdbebDz1BSEqyzcs-xqscaLU1SG431jV_cNJd8K5ppGxgxJmrdyFRe8rf2QfZTg_XjTy_EfqogOmUS26lkglR0cM-6i98TDGcLSt96IXjVB1fLJkQKg=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. Critically evaluate the poem "Light Out" by Edward Thomas. Or Write the Critical Appreciation of the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This is a deep descriptive poem of intimate tone. The poet presents a clear, true picture of sleep in the poem. There is another implicit meanings of the poem, too. Sleep and death resemble very much, so the poem may also be about death. In this sense it may be compared with Emily Dickinson's "Because I Could Not Stop For Death" where the poetess had given a graphic description of her journey with "death". Here the poet says that if (sleep or) death is coming, one must obey it and leave all one's occupation to go with that.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The subject-matter of the poem is valuable in both the ways. Sleep as well as death take away our consciousness and awareness from us and the poet presents this thought in a very lucid manner. The theme has been presented in a straightforward manner. According to the poet the victim of sleep or death has to lose all his activities of life. He turns away even from the most favorite book or beloved face and surrenders before it with full agreement. He feels that it is hovering over him but he remains unsuccessful if he shows any resistance. He must go to sleep/die when sleep/death comes. Everyone of us must lose his way into the forest of sleep/death which is very deep as well as dense.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet has treated the theme with full ingenuity and skill. Words used are evocative without deep emotion. Through the poem sleep (or death) are compared by way of a perfect simile with dark and deep forest. The simile is very accurate, exact and precise. It is correct both for sleep as well as for death. The implied meanings of the sleep as death are throughout lurking over all the lines so much so that by the end of the poem we recognize that the poem is as much about death as about sleep. We feel totally satisfied to read between the lines of the poem and appreciate the great art of the poet. Imagery of the leaves, darkness, foliage, trees etc. is very appropriate for the theme of sleep as well as death.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is divided into five stanzas of 6 lines each having a rhyme of a a b c c b with the exception of line 14 in which the same word "ends" has been repeated instead of bringing another word rhyming with "ends" of line 13. But then perhaps it gives a stress to the meaning of the line. The rhythm of the poem does not seem to follow any particular pattern. There is a variation of 3 to 9 syllables in different lines without any balance or harmony between same numbered lines of different stanzas. But this silent and quiet rhythm creates an effect of almost a lullaby on the readers, so the form suits the subject-description. The poet takes us through itself just at the very bank of sleep/death.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Vocabulary of the poem has been mostly taken from green forest and it is simple and elaborate at one end and the same time. Most of the words are sentimental but deep. Majority of the words are monosyllabic. Some of the lines are totally composed of such words, as lines no. 12, 13, 21, 24 and 29. The word "unfathomable" is onomatopoeia as it gives a sound effect of great depth along with its meaning which is the same. The poem leaves a lasting impression on the reader.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. What are the common, day-to-day pursuits of men and what is the impact of sleep on them? Discuss in the light of "Lights Out" by Edward Thomas.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "Lights Out" by Edward Thomas is a sweet poem that is full of peace and quiet _ the peace and quiet of sleep. It is full of the details of the day-to-day, common pursuits of men. It also tells us about the impact of sleep on all these pursuits and interests of men.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Man is a social animal" _ goes a famous saying and, therefore, he has to live in a society. A society is nothing but a collection of different men. There are good as well as bad men in a society. Hence there is a strange type of versatility in the society. There are sad as well as happy persons. "Their ways" says the poet "however straight, Or winding". It shows that the poet has full awareness of the two currents of good and evil in human society.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The "road and track" sometimes "Deceived the travellers". Love is an important pursuit here in the worldly society. Ambition is still another. Ambition and love rather constitute more than three fourths of the human life. Despair is another time-consuming factor in the life of man.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Study is, for some, a big pursuit. Such people cannot pass even a single day without study. On the other hand, some are busy not in the study of books but in the study of dear faces. So education and study constitute a single great pursuit and love another such one.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Now, according to the poet, sleep has a great, far-reaching impact on all these human pursuits. Sleep is the younger sister of death. It makes one unconscious and unaware of one's surroundings as well as pursuits. One may be a devil or a saint, a student or a lover, ambitions or pessimist, happy or sad, one has to go to sleep at the call. Sleep is like a thick forest into which all the straight or winding ways of men end. A man may be busy in any sort of pursuit but when the sleep calls, there is only one impact on him: it is that he is forced to go to sleep. No one can resist sleep.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. What does the poet mean by coming "to the borders of sleep"?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poet means by these words that he has become so tired that he cannot remain awake any more now. On the deeper level, we may say that he means that his cup of life has now become full and he is going to die. He is ready, in both cases, to enter into the realm.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Pick out all the words that suggest depth?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Here are the words that suggest death:</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><ul><li>unfathomable deep (line 2)</li><li>in they sink (line 12)</li><li>(go) into the unknown (line 22)</li><li>tall forest towers (line 25)</li><li>cloudy foliage lowers (line 26)</li><li>shelf above shelf (line 27)</li><li>silence (line 28)</li></ul><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 5. In what way is sleep an equalizing factor?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Sleep makes the rich and the poor unaware and unconscious of themselves. It makes the happiest and the saddest unaware and unconscious of himself. Every wish, desire, ambition, sentiment of all the people finishes while they are asleep. So sleep is an equalizing factor. It makes all the persons equal.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhwmW-poHqEML-HKuSDZbdsTjRQXIWgDh3lCyp0gXvtFXW5jvMB_Z4EEjIxbo9AfQzWHJBgulC1xPFPAU_QApu3wVE_wzE73KaIXwPWBvfNRUB0DF6h2AzYOSCAHxOEYInVFW4_ffNup93C5xUgvrgxPOw7dlkBuoKEcGWINTVoKq7TfU1Ep8KNB0Ewqw=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Because I Could not Stop for Death (Emily Dickinson) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhwmW-poHqEML-HKuSDZbdsTjRQXIWgDh3lCyp0gXvtFXW5jvMB_Z4EEjIxbo9AfQzWHJBgulC1xPFPAU_QApu3wVE_wzE73KaIXwPWBvfNRUB0DF6h2AzYOSCAHxOEYInVFW4_ffNup93C5xUgvrgxPOw7dlkBuoKEcGWINTVoKq7TfU1Ep8KNB0Ewqw=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Because I Could not Stop for Death (Emily Dickinson) Important Questions" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. The journey of the poetess in "Because I Could Not Stop For Death" is the journey of a funeral process _ Do you agree?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Yes, we fully agree. The journey of the poetess, Emily Dickinson, in her sweet poem "Because I Could Not Stop For Death" is really the journey of her own imagined funeral procession. Death comes to take her away one day when she is fully busy in her daily routine and feels that she cannot stop her work for welcoming death at her door. But death came as a lover/suitor with a buggy/coach driven by horses and requested her very politely. She couldn't refuse such a gentle and polite offer for the ride. (So she died). The journey of the funeral began with "Death" as the coachman.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The funeral procession passed near school, corn-field and setting sun, i.e., childhood, youth and old age, but nobody paid any attention to her as all the living people are too busy to pay any thought to death.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">At last the funeral reached a house, i.e., the grave, lying open for reception of the dead body. She was buried and reached the immortality and eternity: all the time stopped for her. It was then that she realized that the horses of the coach being driven by Death were towards Eternity.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So we see that the journey of the poetess in the poem (that seems to be a journey of courtship with Death) is really the imaginary journey of her funeral procession.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. Bring out the qualities of "Because I Could Not Stop For Death" by Emily Dickinson. Or Write Critical Appreciation of the Poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This is a wonderful and thought-provoking poem in which the poetess makes a sort of running commentary on her last ride with Death, i.e., her funeral journey. Death has always been the theme of so many religious, philosophic and romantic poems and every poet has dealt with the subject according to his own bent of mind. Poetess Emily Dickinson here explains her own imaginary experience. She tells us about her funeral procession in a very realistic and still dream-like manner. This is one of her most important and beautiful poem about death.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poetess wishes to promote the sense of impending death among the readers and also wishes to believe that death is not the end of human life but the beginning of another immortal life. It is the Christian (as well as the Muslim) belief that death closes one chapter of life in this world but at the same time it opens a new book of life in the other world. The subject of the poem is, therefore, religious, philosophic, mystic and romantic, all at the same time. The poem deals with human destiny and the most important clause of human sentence: the clause of death.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poetess tells us that one day, when she was very busy in her worldly affairs, Death came to her with a coach driven by horses and asked her very politely to accompany her. He requested her as civilly as a suitor to go with her. She at once agreed and sat in the coach. The journey (the last ride together with Death) started. They passed near the school where children were playing in recess. They passed near the harvest fields. They passed near the setting sun, or (as the poetess says) the setting sun passed near them. They reached at night (a very cold night that was!) near the grave. Then the poetess realized that the journey had been a journey from time to timelessness - a journey from life to Eternity through death.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme has been presented in the form of a long metaphor with similes in a very serious, sincere, true and straight-forward manner. The way is altogether mystic but modern. Words used by the poetess are full of emotions. Death has been personified in two ways: first of all, death is a coachman that comes to see the busy poetess who had no time to see him, secondly, death is a suitor that comes to court her. It was the tradition in England and America during the last centuries that a suitor would seat his beloved in his coach and both of them would go on a long ride. "The Last Ride" by Robert Browning is such a poem in which the lover seats his beloved in his coach for another "last" ride together. This poem by Emily Dickinson makes us remember "The Last Ride".</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Death, personified as a coachman plus a lover/suitor, takes the poetess through her last ride - the ride towards grave. Both of them pass near the school, the symbol of childhood and young age. Then they pass near the harvest-fields, the symbol of grown up age. Later they pass the setting sun, the symbol of old age. After symbolically passing all these three stages again, they reach the house with a low roof which is actually the grave. The coldness of death is symbolized in the quivering and chilly dew in contrast with the shroud that is symbolized through a gown of gossamer and tippet of tulle both of which are unable to give any physical warmth to the dead body of the poetess. So the whole poem becomes one organic-whole through the metaphor of death along with the symbols, similes and implied meanings. As a result, the poem leaves a deep effect on our minds after we have read it once and forces us to read it at least once again, if not again and again.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">It is a sweet, pathetic lyric with 6 stanzas of 4 lines each. The first and third line of every stanza has 4 feet (8 syllables) whereas every second and fourth line has only 3 feet (6 syllables) which gives a sort of precision to the poem as well as an unseen force. The foot is most of the time iambic. There is no regular rhyme but here and there a sound or a word is repeated which creates the impression of a sort of rhyme, e.g., in lines 6 and 8 the words "away" and "civility" creates that impression. The word "ground" is repeated in lines 18 and 20. Again in lines 22 and 24 the words "day" and "eternity" create an impression of a rhyme. Lines no: 2 and 4 have really a rhyme with "me" and "immortality". There is much alliteration in the poem which serves as a sort of funeral music, e.g., "t" lingers in "not", "stop" and "death" in line no. 1 and again in "stopped" in line no. 2; "1" lingers in lines 7 and 8 through "labour", "leisure" and "civility"; "s" lingers throughout lines 9 to 12 in "passed", "school", "Recess" [twice], "passed" [twice] "setting", "sun"; "g" lingers through line no. 11 in "gazing grain" and many more.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Most of the lines are end-stopped with here and there and enjambment as in lines no. 17 and 18, and 21 and 22. The words are mostly monosyllabic but no line is composed of totally monosyllabic words. As a result, there has been created a sweet and speedy flow in the poem. It is really a remarkable poem that leaves an everlasting impression on us.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. It there anything in the poem to suggest that it is written by a woman?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Yes, there are evidences in the poem that suggest that it is written by a woman. Specially stanza no. 4 is to taken into consideration:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Or rather _ He passed Us _</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Dews drew quivering and chill _</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For only Gossamer, my Gown _</p><p style="text-align: justify;">My Tippet _ only Tulle _</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The last two lines tell us that the narrator is a woman. The "gown" and "tipper" are worn by ladies. There is another evidence also. Whole of the poem pictures a lady going on a journey of courtship with her suitor/lover. Death behaves as civilly and politely as a lover/suitor behaves with his beloved.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 4. Is there anything in the poem to suggest an element of fear?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>No, we do not find anything in the poem to suggest an element of fear. The poetess has given death the character of a very civil and polite suitor/lover who brings a carriage for his beloved (the poetess) and takes her on a long ride of courtship. It is a sweet journey with a house or home at the end and an eternal life with loss of the senses of time and space.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Still, a little element, a very tiny one, appears only for a while when the sun sets and the chill dew-drops fall on her with gown and tippet only of very thin gauze in fourth stanza of the poem. One gets a little shudder at the sense of coldness there. But the sense soon passes away with the onward journey to a house in the next stanza. </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-5489826761759631682021-11-28T23:04:00.002-08:002021-11-28T23:04:29.655-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem A Poison Tree (William Blake) Important Questions<h1><b>BSc BA </b>ADP English Notes Poem A Poison Tree (William Blake) Important Questions</h1><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgXBee9z3NYIbD5kBb7UTq0YOd21O2Jc2ZfFxaE8LuuLJZLZSCj9yFuBHS0u5v3HwBUbf65w99ZWmiQacyNQtLmAz2BTMx83bHJIBk63_cZu0W3kuEqewWwll6olRENz47mzeExdf3F5EQKRvXO2kr85vU6nxqdcui6X_LRrd69DxEsAyLeDdaEFbq9xw=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem A Poison Tree (William Blake) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgXBee9z3NYIbD5kBb7UTq0YOd21O2Jc2ZfFxaE8LuuLJZLZSCj9yFuBHS0u5v3HwBUbf65w99ZWmiQacyNQtLmAz2BTMx83bHJIBk63_cZu0W3kuEqewWwll6olRENz47mzeExdf3F5EQKRvXO2kr85vU6nxqdcui6X_LRrd69DxEsAyLeDdaEFbq9xw=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem A Poison Tree (William Blake) Important Questions" /></a></div><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 1. Bring out the symbolism of the poem "A Poison Tree" by William Blake.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem " A Poison Tree" by William Blake is a symbolic poem. The very topic is symbolic. It is the symbol of mutual hate, anger, deceit, cunningness, cleverness, hypocrisy and such other negative values of human society. It reminds us of the "forbidden tree" of the Garden of Eden in the Paradise.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This poisonous tree is beautiful to look at and grows sweet-colored fruit which is totally poisonous from inside. Hate, fear, deceit and anger grow it as water grows a plant. There is the sunny fake smile also to give it warmth and ripeness.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The enemy is unaware of all these advancements as there is lack of communication and understanding between the two, i.e., the enemy and the "apple-tree-owner". The enemy is, after all, an enemy. So when the tree bears a good-looking apple, he steals into the garden under the cover of dark night and eats that apple with relish. As a result, he dies.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Hatred/Enmity and particularly hidden one, easily kills the opponent. All this has been beautifully brought out for the readers with the help of perfectly used symbols. The poem is highly symbolic like many other poems of William Blake, such as "The Little Girl Found" and "The Echoing Green".</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 2. Bring out the beauties of Blake's "A Poison Tree". Or Write Critical Appreciations of the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>" A Poison Tree" is a sweet lyric by William Blake who is famous as a mystic poet in English literature. Most of his poems have two meanings, one, the clear or the outward; two, the hidden or the inward. This poem also gives us a food for thought. The poet has presented the items of love and hated, trust and deceit, friendship and enmity, for our consideration. He wishes to promote good-will, confidence, love and friendship among people.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem has a deep concern with human life and destiny. It presents a philosophic but symbolic representation of hatred. The poet tells us that he was once angry with his friend. He told about his anger to the friend and forgave him as there was a mutual understanding between them. But once he was angry with his enemy and did not tell him about that. There was a lack of trust between both of them, so the question of forgiveness did not arise. The hatred went on growing in the form of a plant. One day a beautiful but poisonous apple appeared at that. The enemy stole it at night, ate it and died and the poet was pleased to find him lying dead the next morning.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet had told us about a very valuable subject in the poem - the universal problem of hate and love, trust and mistrust, enmity and friendship. He has used a sweet practical imagery for expressing his deep ideas. The plant, water, tree, the bright apple - all are there painted sweetly. He has used all these as symbols. The plant of hatred and anger gets nourishment through tears of fear and smiles of deceit. This plant grows day and night as it is watered morning and evening and sunned with cheating tricks. The fruit of this cunning hate appears in the form of apple which is bright and beautiful outwardly and poisonous from inside. The enemy steals it at night, eats is and dies as a result, Thus the poet is free from his enemy. He has depicted all the various stages of anger, hatred, mistrust and cunningness in a very skillful manner. The imagery and symbolism of the poem are perfect.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">All through the poem the tool of simile is used with skill. Words are full of emotions and sentiments. Almost every other word gives us a comparison between two things. The poem has been composed in iambic pentameter with here and there rhythmic variations plus an additional foot or syllable at one or two places. There are four regular stanzas with four lines each. The rhyme scheme is a a b b, that is, the rhyme royal or that of heroic couplet. Most of the words are monosyllabic as in lines no. 2, 4, 9.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The language of the poem is quite simple and straightforward and the meanings very profound and deep. The hidden meanings are as important as the obvious one. The poet leaves on us the work of finding out the implicit meanings that love makes and hatred kills. The "apple" makes us remember the forbidden fruit of the Garden of Eden in Paradise as the Christians believe it to be apple. [We Muslims believe that it was the plant of wheat. Only Allah knows the reality! ] The words "soft deceitful wiles" make us remember the wiles of Satan who deceived our forefathers, Prophet Adam and Eve (Blessings of Allah be on them both!) into eating the forbidden fruit.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The rhythm of the poem is well-suited to the clear-cut subject. The style of the writing is rather epigrammatic like that of famous classical Greek and Romans poets. Almost all the lines are end-stopped. The vocabulary is chosen and symbolic.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. Pick out all the words related to hate and anger.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>These are the words related to hate and anger.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">angry (line 1), wrath (line 2)[used twice in the line], foe (line 3), wrath (line 4), fears (line 5), tears (line 6), deceitful (line 8), wiles (line 8), foe (line 11), stole (line 13), veil'd (line 14). foe (line 16), outstretched (line 16).</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. How appropriate is the title of the poem?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b> The title of the poem is perfectly appropriate. Hatred and mistrust are really very poisonous and grow secretly but very fastly enough as the tree in the poem. Such a tree bears fruit which is very misleading to look at. It is bright colored fruit. But inside that fruit it is all poison.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 5. Can you describe briefly an experience arousing intense hatred?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>All praises be to Allah who has made me a Muslim. A Muslim never hates anyone. As a Muslim, I hate the evil and wicked habits/routines adopted by somebody but I do not hate that fellow. A true Muslim should hate the wickedness of the wicked person but not the wicked person himself. As I try to act (May Allah help me!) as a true Muslim, so I try not to hate any person. I remember to forgive whenever there arises a matter of hatred around me. I never keep hatred in my heart, thanks to Allah!</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 6. What words or images would you use for expressing anger and/ or hatred?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Words like "anger", "wicked", "evil", "darkness". "snake", "clever". may be used for expressing anger and/or hatred.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEihhErPvQj2NmFEKPVaxKqyJEHke2UQGOWb9DZofFNTCI51MfeOPjw39MbAgmyWLGM-IGxyp6s9Hmg1R9sHHftmZOmpLlem1dH7L-x4_d4rYgVInwqOxMZaVGVfJWOeNj1j4K5l15GH9JlFOKk3pTh8YU6LQh14AF7UO2waYoXK1_1oSCOeIV701R6tVg=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Departure and Arrival (T S Elliot) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEihhErPvQj2NmFEKPVaxKqyJEHke2UQGOWb9DZofFNTCI51MfeOPjw39MbAgmyWLGM-IGxyp6s9Hmg1R9sHHftmZOmpLlem1dH7L-x4_d4rYgVInwqOxMZaVGVfJWOeNj1j4K5l15GH9JlFOKk3pTh8YU6LQh14AF7UO2waYoXK1_1oSCOeIV701R6tVg=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Departure and Arrival (T S Elliot) Important Questions" /></a></div><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 1. Bring out the important qualities of the poem "Departure and Arrival" by T. S. Elliot. Or Write the Critical Appreciation of the poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>It is a poem with a message for mankind. It is a poem written at the departure and 19th and the arrival of 20th century but it is a poem of all times. The poet has encouraged man to move on and on forever. He tells man that the greatness and grandeur of all the future lies in the continuous struggle by him with steadfastness.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is about man's nature and destiny. It is a valuable and great subject matter which lies embodies in the poem. We find poet's faith in idealism and optimism coupled with a call for courage and fortitude. It is due to these two qualities that we as human beings get inspiration for accepting even the most difficult and seemingly impossible challenges of life. The poet, in a way, tells us what our motto should be in the wake of every difficulty.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poet asks us to realize the vision before us. It is quite necessary for success to have a vision before us. Those nations (as well as) individuals who do not have any vision perish and wither away with the outward rush of time. It is our duty to work for the achievement of that which we (once) have adopted for us. Our performance will be judged by the future generations by our nearness to our goal. Journey towards our goal with courage and steadfastness is the message of the poet. And it is very valuable message!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">With the arrival of every new century, a new duty is assigned, that of making the world a better place than before. With the arrival of every new day, week, month, year, century, our duty should be fulfilled honourably by us. We may die in the struggle for betterment but this struggle is its own reward.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme of the poem has been presented in a serious classical style, with the use of similes here and there. The uncertainty of future has been termed in the following forceful way:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">... no chart to show</p><p style="text-align: justify;">No light to warn of rocks which lie below (lines 4, 5)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and Although it bristles with a thousand fears (line 8)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">but there is an equal hope as:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">To hopeful eye of youth it still appears</p><p style="text-align: justify;">A lane by which the rose and hawthorn grow (lines 9, 10)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme of the poem is a heavy one but straightforward and it has been dealt with in a realistic way.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem has been written in didactic style, asking us to have courage and work. But we may call it by the name of an Ode which has been written in Haration method, having regular stanzas and each stanza having a fixed metrical and rhyming form and pattern. The poem consists of six stanzas having 6 lines each. Rhyme scheme of the poem is a b b a a b except for line no. 28 which does not have the regular rhyme but remains unrhymed with c nowhere else used in the poem. Each line has 5 feet with the exception of a few lines that add or miss a syllable. There seems to be various modification in stress but the majority of the feet is iambic. Majority of the lines is end-stopped with no enjambment. The words are often polysyllabic, except line no. 21 which totally consists of monosyllabic words and creates a sort of marching tune:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">And we are of her sons, and we must go.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem is catelectic as it is a literary work of the poet that tends to be detached or detachable from the main body of his work that has such famous things as Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, East Cooker, Murder in the Cathedral and Waste Land etc. Anyhow it is a though-provoking poem.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. "Departure and Arrival" by T. S. Eliot is a poem with message - discuss.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans.</b> "Departure and Arrival" by T/ S/ Eliot is poem with a message. It tells us to have a vision and a goal before us. It tells us to work continuously and enthusiastically for the achievement. It tells us not to be afraid of the new challenges which every new day bring for us. We should face these challenges with bravery and courage. We should have our idealism and optimistic attitude.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem gives us the message of working selflessly for the betterment of future. We should not work only for victory. Everybody does not win victory. Some people have to sacrifice their lives for the betterment of the humanity. When the future generations would come, they should recognize these sacrifices. Having worked for the betterment of future generations is a reward in itself and we must take this assignment of working for future with smiling face and courageous heart.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem has a positive message for us and we must try to learn the lesson of devotion to work from this poem of T. S. Eliot.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. Read the poem carefully and write a not on Eliot's idealism and commitment to ensure a bright future for man.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "Departure and Arrival" by T. S. Eliot tells us about his idealism and commitment to ensure a bright future of man. Eliot has a staunch faith in idealism and optimism for us. But he joins his idealism and optimism with courage and fortitude. We must set high goals before us to be achieved by us in our coming future. We must have a continuous inspiration to accept the most formidable challenges of our future life.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Eliot asks us to set high goals and ideals before us for future and then strive undauntedly and bravely for their achievement. In this courageous journey, we will be guided by our vision and noble/sublimes ideals.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">According to Eliot, it is our moral obligations to leave the world better than we had received from our ancestors. We may live or we may die in this struggle. Success is not necessary. But continuous struggle is that which is required of us. The future world will judge us not on the basis of our success but on the basis of our continuous sincere struggle.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Wordsworth has defined poetry as "a spontaneous over-flow of powerful feelings". Do you find this quality in Eliot's poem?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>William Wordsworth has defined poetry in his Preface to Lyrical Ballads as "a spontaneous over-flow of powerful feelings." But when we go through this poem by Eliot, we find that it is not a spontaneous over-flow of powerful feelings. In fact, it is an intellectual type of poem. It has been written in a classical, not a romantic style. The poet has a serious message to give us: "Work seriously and steadfastly for the betterment of the future". And he embodies this message in such a way as to influence us so much that we begin to believe that it is a useful message that poet is giving us.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiTVxxcaUnH_7_d9udFg_ayPzPdrNFwRHaCj3jBZ7z-6EkZmtKcR6q0-nOV3u6q5FQSvWvOqMzUmT_EiSvpjdDAOSObxu1ED9-TQLo6ZHF0VnOOx19MgOHHaR6AaUNOEuvTk_NeEa5fvpmoCCKWo01RHOlLFnM2nQMR4K0Wh5gtEYG_Kus2xS4ErgHXJA=s500" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem All the World is a Stage (William Shakespeare) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiTVxxcaUnH_7_d9udFg_ayPzPdrNFwRHaCj3jBZ7z-6EkZmtKcR6q0-nOV3u6q5FQSvWvOqMzUmT_EiSvpjdDAOSObxu1ED9-TQLo6ZHF0VnOOx19MgOHHaR6AaUNOEuvTk_NeEa5fvpmoCCKWo01RHOlLFnM2nQMR4K0Wh5gtEYG_Kus2xS4ErgHXJA=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem All the World is a Stage (William Shakespeare) Important Questions" /></a></div><b><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 1. Bring out the literary merits of the poem "All the World's a Stage" by Skakespeare. </b><b>Or Critical Appreciation of the Poem.</b></div></b><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>This poem is, in fact, a speech delivered by a character, Jacques, in Act-II Scene-VII (lines 139-166) of Shakespeare's "As you Like It". It is a very good piece of poetry, full of wise analysis of human life. The speaker tells us very seriously and superbly about seven stages of a man's life in this world. He wishes to promote the understanding of a man's life. The poem summaries various seven stages of a man's life in a very effective manner.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The speaker tells us that the first of all, when a man enters on the stage of life or this world, he acts of an infant who weeps and vomits in the arms of his nurse. Then he becomes a boy and goes unwillingly to school with a bright morning face and a bag of books on his shoulder. Then he becomes a lover. He sighs in love and writes poems in the praise of his beloved. Then he becomes a soldier and tries to find/get honour and fame and is even ready to fight till death for that. Then he becomes a judge. He has a beard of formal cut. He is fat with eating much. He tells proverbs and wise saying to people and old dresses of young times becomes loose. He wears pair of a spectacle on his nose and has a side bag/pocket/purse. His voice becomes childish. Then he becomes a very old man, nearing death whose teeth have fallen down. Neither he can hear, nor see, nor taste things. He cannot enjoy life anymore. Thus his life comes to an end.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme of man's seven stages of life has been presented with a very masterly hand in the poem. The description of each stage is realistic. Good and fresh imagery has been used to bring the real picture. All the vocabulary has been taken from the world of theatre. The poet has arranged every detail with a great skill and ingenuity. The treatment is straightforward and modern, rather universal for all the times to come.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">All the poem is a long simile because the poet is presenting the seven parts/periods of a man's life in the vocabulary and imagery of the world of stage and theatre. Words like "the infant/Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms". "creeping like snail/Unwilling to school". "sighing like a furnace" and "bearded like the pard" bring before us not only the realistic comparison between the two sides of the simile but also the real picture, solid and living picture in true colors. A few such other words are:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"... fair round belly" (line 16)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"... beard of formal cut" (line 17)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"... shifts/Into the lean and slipper's pantaloon" (line 19-20)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"... spectacles on nose and pouch on side" (line 21)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything". (line 26)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The whole piece has been narrated with full dramatic force and we begin to see before our very eyes the very seven roles of man in all their audio-visual colors.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem/address has been written in blank verse, i.e., iambic pentameter but it is not monotonous. It is varying. Most of the words are polysyllabic and of Anglo-Saxon origin. The vocabulary is specialized. It pertains to the world of stage and theatre. The rhythm is subtle and sublime. Most of the lines are end-stopped, without enjambment. But here and there we find a run-on line as line no. 4, 8, 10, 14, 18, 22 but here also there is no enjambment except in line no. 14 and 22. The last line seems to have an extra syllable for giving it an extra force and final touch.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. What are seven stages of man's life? Or What are the seven different roles that every man and woman has to play on the stage of this world?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>All this world is like a stage of a theatre and all human beings are like actors and actresses. They come on the stage, play their roles and disappear after giving their performance. Everyone plays seven roles, or there are seven stages of a man's life. At first he is an infant crying and weeping in the arms of his nurse. Then he becomes a lover and sighs like a furnace for the love of his beloved. He sings songs in praise of his beloved.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then he becomes soldier with big heavy beard as that of a leopard. He is ready to quarrel for the sake of honor and fame. Then he becomes a judge. He has a big fat belly and a formal-cut beard. He has a stern look at his face. He often quotes proverbs etc. Then he becomes an old man with loose clothes and spectacles at nose. He has pockets at the side of dress. His voice is thin and childish. Then comes the last (the seventh) stage. It is almost a second childhood. Man loses all senses now. He loses his eyes. He has no teeth. He cannot hear. He loses his tasting power.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 3. What are the seven ages of man?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The seven ages of man are given below:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. Infant</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. A school boy</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. A lover</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. A soldier</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5. A judge</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6. An old man</p><p style="text-align: justify;">7. A very old man</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Which age, in your opinion, is most accurately described?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>I feel that all the seven ages have been most accurately described. Shakespeare was himself an actor and an actor always observes very keenly. Still, if I have to choose the best description, I will choose that of the seventh when a man becomes very old. The poet has explained masterly how all the youthful passion is all spent. All ambition dies away. The man is reduced to only a shadow of himself. He sinks into oblivion. He loses almost all the fine senses. Specially the last line.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">San eyes, sans teeth, sans taste, sanse everything.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Is remarkable and summarizes a lot of things in a small number of words. The last word "everything" is so full of pathos. This word gives a good finishing touch to the description.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 5. As a young person do you agree with Shakespeare's description of a lover?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Yes, as a young person I fully agree with Shakespeare's description of a lover. A lover is so full of sentimentalism and emotionalism. He may be in love with a girl or with a mission as his education or career, but he is always absorbed in the idea of his beloved. A lover does not actually mean only a lover of a girl. It may include that, too. But that is only one aspect of life. Really it means the enthusiastic approach towards one's ideal whether it is of becoming a true Muslim, a doctor, an engineer, a lawyer, or anything else. The description given by Shakespeare suits in all these cases.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjZkl-sJ-FXkmtJ09UoZCwQDxnycu56-xoAIEo4Q05OTTvUbBCcI6ww-evNE7J-mtLGuaaIeqiQEV8CZylmciG6Dt_cMFQvccL6BUqzCt2Rlsunh74yyW67lmGTji9yXB13alJeyUTpCax0zwWQf0sTNCSsuvHpN6qZnPEoKg8uAR6_oLhBv1OG--U50Q=s500" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem One Art (Elizabeth Bishop) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjZkl-sJ-FXkmtJ09UoZCwQDxnycu56-xoAIEo4Q05OTTvUbBCcI6ww-evNE7J-mtLGuaaIeqiQEV8CZylmciG6Dt_cMFQvccL6BUqzCt2Rlsunh74yyW67lmGTji9yXB13alJeyUTpCax0zwWQf0sTNCSsuvHpN6qZnPEoKg8uAR6_oLhBv1OG--U50Q=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem One Art (Elizabeth Bishop) Important Questions" /></a></div><b><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 1. What lesson do you draw from the poem "One Art" by Elizabeth Bishop? Is it worth learning at all?</b></div></b><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "One Art" by Elizabeth Bishop is a deeply philosophic poem although it has been written in a light style. The poetess has a deep message to give us. She teaches us a lesson and this lesson is really worth learning. This is the lesson of bearing our harms and losses with patience and resignation. We can learn this great art by practice. If we lose a small thing today, we should not feel disturbed. We should try to take all the losses for granted. We should realize that finding and losing are two aspects of the same one reality. We should learn to endure what we cannot cure. Only then our life would be happily lived.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poetess gives her own example to teach us that difficult lesson of life. She lost her door-keys. She lost her friends. She lost her time. She lost her possessions one by one. She lost ever her houses. She did not bother about all her losses! Now she is so much resigned that if she is going to lose her beloved, even then she would not bother at all. That is the height of contentment and resignation which the poetess preaches us to have.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 2. Bring out the literary merits of the poem "One Art" by Elizabeth Bishop. Or Critical Appreciation of the Poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "One Art" by Elizabeth Bishop is a thought provoking poem in which the poetess tries to teach us the lesson of contentment and resignation in a very polite, kind but ironic way. The sense of the poem is quite plain and straightforward but it has been presented in a satiric manner. The intention of the poetess is positive though it seems to be negative. She seems to teach us carelessness whereas she is teaching us the great value of resignation and contentment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">She says that the art of losing things is not difficult to learn. We can easily learn it because it is a part of the routine of life. We lose something almost every other day. If we stop bothering for the lost things, then we start learning the valuable lesson of contentment. We should, therefore, try to be peaceful if we lose keys of our doors, an hour, a house, a city, a river, a territory or kingdom or even a continent. If we learn the art of losing things (or, so to speak, the lesson of resignation and contentment) then we will not bother for even losing our most beloved things or persons.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The subject of the poem is related with human life and it is a valuable subject. It is related with philosophy as well as religion. Everything given to us by God is not our own but belongs to Him. So if He, at one time, takes his things back from us, we should not cry because it would be thanklessness to God. We should be resigned at our fate/luck and be contented at all the losses that we seemingly get during our life-time.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">[The same thing has been preached (to us in Islam. Allah tells us to say whenever we get a loss of something or somebody:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Inna Lillahi Wa Inna Elihi Rajioon</p><p style="text-align: justify;">which means that all of us are for Allah and to Him we shall return. It is the same lesson of contentment and resignation to our fate!]</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But an important thing about the poem is that such a valuable and highly serious theme has been treated in a non-serious or ironic manner so that we should learn the lesson thinking it to be a very light and normal thing. The imagery has been taken from the common, daily routine of life. Door-keys, hour, house, city, kingdom, river, continent - are all practical and concrete images that bind us to our daily life. The theme has been presented in a didactic and has been written in epigrammatic style very popular with the Greek and Roman classical poets.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem has been composed in stanza form. The meter is iambic pentameter with a slight alteration, a syllable being added or left at the end of a few lines. Every stanza contains three lines except of the last one that has an additional line. The rhyme scheme of the stanzas is a b a with a b a a in the last stanza. The rhyme does not change with stanza. It is universal, i.e., line nos: 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18 and 19 are all rhymed a and the rest of all the lines are rhymed b. This art of rhyming is rather tedious but the poet has used it successfully. A few rhymes like "master" and "disaster" have been repeated but these do not create any monotony in the poem. Rather this repetition fills the poem with a sort of stress. Most of the lines are end-stopped but here and there we find enjambment as in lines 2-3 and 11-12.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The poem leaves a powerful influence on the readers/</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Questions No 3. Do you agree with the poetess that the art of losing isn't hard to master? How can we master this art?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Actually the statement "The art of losing isn't hard to master" is a paradoxical one. On the outset it seems to be very correct and we believe in the poetess that particular art is really not hard to learn. But when we start practicing the art, then we come to know that it is perhaps the most difficult art to be learnt by man. Still, the zeal of the poetess to preach us this difficult art by treating the subject light-heartedly is really praiseworthy. She speaks to us in a sweet light vein in an attempt to teach us that difficult art. But so far as her details about mastering this art are concerned, these are altogether correct. She asks us to practice losing things. We can master the art by practice. First of all we should not bother if we lose little insignificant things like the keys of our doors or a lost and wasted hour or two. Then we should try our hand at more important things, such as places and names. Later on, we should still be peaceful at losing as costly and memorable things as our mother's watch.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Slowly and steadily we will grow perfect in this art like the poetess who never bothered to lose her last or second last house. She didn't bother even to remember whether it was her last or 2nd house that she lost! Then she lost two cities, a territory equal to kingdom, two rivers and a whole continent - i.e., she lost almost everything. Still she bore the loss patiently as she had mastered that art well. Later she became so habitual of contentment that she did not bother even the loss of her beloved. According to her, it is all a matter of habit and practice. We can master the art of losing by cultivating in us the habit of acceptance and resignation to our fate.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. Bring out the elements of satire, humour and irony in the poem. How are they combined to achieve the impact by the poet?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>According to Swift, "satire is a sort of glass wherein beholders do generally discover everybody's face but their own, which is the chief reason for that kind of reception it meets in the world, and that so very few are offended with it."</p><p style="text-align: justify;">According to Johnson, "irony is a mode of speech in which the meaning is contrary to the words." Humour is "associated with laughter and being used in contradistinction to wit" - says Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory by J. A. Cuddon.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Now that we have a clear idea as to what satire, humor and irony are, we can bring these out from the poem.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">When we take the poem as a satire, we see other people (like the poetess) losing one thing after the other. We feel that we are very careful persons as we do not lose so many things. There are people losing even their time, their friends, their kingdoms and even their "beloveds". We also lose such things but we are not bold enough to confess that. This is what the satirical color of the poem means.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">When we read about the poetess that she has lost so many things, we cannot help smiling because of the presence of humours elements in the poem. We can only laugh at a fellow who loses one thing after the other, who loses a house and even does not bother to remember whether that was her last or second-last house.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then comes the irony. The poetess repeats a line again and again:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"The art of losing isn't hard to master." (lines 1. 6 & 12)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">She repeats it again with a little variation in line 18:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"The art of losing's not too hard to master."</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But actually she means to say that the art of losing things and remaining contented and resigned to fate is really very difficult to learn. It is not easy to lose one's friends (even one's beloved) and one's territories (even one's kingdom) and feel not disturbed. If we understand the element of irony and find it out that poetess is speaking in an ironic way, we are able to get hold of the real motto or moral lesson of the poem which is: Learn being patient in the face of all harms and losses. It is a difficult art but you must learn it!</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjTWBU5NgY7mwMS8v6OY1YYGSNuOUUT9j8uxKs6yUU-1JuLV8pzy--oVD2I6S-PK6cgprirnKk720ZK9gMqwFOni41RNggpLnU9Lvhi6MP36Q-oM2jDNT-0cBObLF5h8ewxQjvo0UbjW1IdaXQRzZ4z6LU_j0wSjAQruOVNSIkK7gwJisuz8bz9B11lJQ=s500" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Leisure (William Henry Davies) Important Questions" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjTWBU5NgY7mwMS8v6OY1YYGSNuOUUT9j8uxKs6yUU-1JuLV8pzy--oVD2I6S-PK6cgprirnKk720ZK9gMqwFOni41RNggpLnU9Lvhi6MP36Q-oM2jDNT-0cBObLF5h8ewxQjvo0UbjW1IdaXQRzZ4z6LU_j0wSjAQruOVNSIkK7gwJisuz8bz9B11lJQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Leisure (William Henry Davies) Important Questions" /></a></div><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 1. "William Davies laments the hurried manner in which we spend our lives depriving ourselves of savouring the richness and diversity that life offers" - Discuss with reference to his poem "Leisure".</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>William Davies laments in his poem "Leisure" about the hurried manner in which we spend our lives depriving ourselves savouring the richness and diversity that life has to offer. He is sorry for the modern man who is so much absorbed in his material pursuits that he hardly finds any time to see the colors and hear the sounds of life. Nature and manifestations of nature are lying bare and open for us everywhere but we have closed our eyes for these. These are trees and plants. There are squirrels in the woods. There are brightly shinning waves in the stream. There are twinkling stars in the sky. Beauty "itself" is present. It is looking at us with its sweet glance. Its eyes are smiling and its lips are also going to smile. Its feet are going to dance. But we are so strange persons that we do not have any leisure or spare time to see the "beauty incarnate" and enjoy seeing it!</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We are passing a very poor life because we may have collected a lot wealth, still we lack the appreciation of beauty that lies bare for us everywhere in the world. We are always busy in getting and spending money and do not look at (and enjoy) nature which is "ours" as Wordsworth has put it in one of sonnets. According to Davies, life is nothing but a constant care and worry if we are unable to find leisure for standing and staring at nature and its manifestations like simpleton. Life must be enjoyed and relished and appreciated in a leisurely manner.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 2. Bring out the hidden qualities of the poem "Leisure" by, William Davies.</b><b> Or Critical Appreciation of the Poem.</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>The poem "Leisure" is a thought provoking poem. It deals with the beauty of nature that is spread all around us. The poet deplores the sad fact of the life of the modern man that he has got no time to stand for a while and enjoy the beauty of nature which is present everywhere all around him. He is so busy in his material pursuits that he is unable to enjoy the smile and dance of Beauty incarnate that is present there all the time in his neighborhood. So he may be having collected a lot of material wealth, yet he is mentally and spiritually very poor.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The theme of the poem is very serious and is has been expressed in a very sentimental and straightforward manner. The poet is very sincere in his appeal and the appeal at once influences our inner-self. The imagery of the nature in general has been used to make the theme more clear to us. The grass, the forest, the squirrel, the nuts, the stream, the daylight, the stars, the sky - the beauty incarnate - supply a rich imagery to the poem "Beauty" has been personified and different details have been sweetly and influentially added to the metaphor. Feet, lips, smile, dance - all make the beauty fully embodied.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">It is short lyric that gives expression to the personal and serious but tender ideas of the poet. The meter of poem is fully suited to the ideas. Both have a natural flow. The poem has been written in iambic tetrameter. Each line consists of eight syllabus, i.e., four feet and most of the lines are end-stopped, without enjambment. Every odd and even lines are rhymed (like a heroic couplet). Most of the words used in the poem are monosyllabic, such as each word of the first and the last couplet:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">What is this life of care,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We have no time to stand and stare?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and A poor life this, if full of acre,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We have no time to stand and stare.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The basic vocabulary of the poem is simple and most of the words have taken from the common world of nature that surrounds us at all times of our life. The poem may be compared to a sonnet or William Wordsworth entitled "The World is Too Much With Us."</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 3. What are some of the simple delights we miss in our rushed life?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>There are many simple delights that we miss in our rushed modern life. We do not enjoy the colorful birds, fish, cows, sheep, goats, buffaloes and other animals. We do not enjoy seeing beautiful butterflies. We miss the sweet green tress. We miss the sun, the stars, the moon. We miss the sweet songs of the bird. We miss the blue sky and the green forest. We miss so much in our life which we may enjoy if we keep our eyes open and get spare time for that. There is the universe with all its beauties. There are the changing seasons. There are the colors and smells of the flowers. There are the tastes and colors of the fruit. There is the whole animal and plant world. There are so many things that we miss!</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 4. What are some of the things you miss because of lack of time?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>As I am student and have no responsibility at my shoulders, so I do not miss much because of lack to time. On the other hand, I enjoy every sweetness of nature. I drink water and relish every draught. I eat dinner and relish morsel. I eat fruit and enjoy the separate taste of every fruit. I enjoy the sweet smell and color of every flower. I enjoy even the color and sharp design of every blade of grass made by Allah, the Almighty. I enjoy the sweet innocent face of every baby that makes me remember the Great Power of Creativity of Allah, the Kind and Merciful! I enjoy the chirping of birds. I enjoy the mewing of cats.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Still I miss the rural scene as I live in a city. I miss the green rice fields and yellow ripe wheat and mustard fields. I miss the hills and streams. I miss all those natural beauties that are not available in a big city. Sometimes I miss these things because of lack of time. I miss these because I live in a city!</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 5. The poet has used a personification: Can you point it out?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Yes, I can point it out. The poet has personified "beauty" and has talked about its glance, dance, feet, mouth, eyes and smile.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Question No 6. How would you define a personification?</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Ans. </b>Personification is "the impersonation or embodiment of some quality or abstraction: the attribution of human qualities to inanimate objects". </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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bscbanotes © 2016-2018</div>Asad Hussainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00847818394077141053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3711879213470317226.post-16081687238186860482021-11-19T01:46:00.004-08:002022-02-19T01:51:55.496-08:00BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Summary & Introduction<h1>BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Summary & Introduction</h1><div><p><b>To view other </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Poem notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/poems.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><p><b>To view Complete </b><b>ADP & </b><b>BA English Notes. Please Click <a href="https://bscbanotes.blogspot.com/p/ba-english.html" target="_blank">Here</a>.</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg_Tu8Vrc7OnEgF5iL74QBQhQwGI2qUOJQ_-Sw6khc5viUlJy-lCnCJCk-eTpr4qib2zdcOsz43FKo-FVBe3RdDN8UA8_BM0xc5bCrcWCFTudCxJyKneTKVxC3LnRHpUvf-7uOVXR6CmJhinrYiDZC9sjm0Sw5y61qMl8fFYCQsnUdNqfMBkotDhixnaQ=s500" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Summary & Introduction" border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg_Tu8Vrc7OnEgF5iL74QBQhQwGI2qUOJQ_-Sw6khc5viUlJy-lCnCJCk-eTpr4qib2zdcOsz43FKo-FVBe3RdDN8UA8_BM0xc5bCrcWCFTudCxJyKneTKVxC3LnRHpUvf-7uOVXR6CmJhinrYiDZC9sjm0Sw5y61qMl8fFYCQsnUdNqfMBkotDhixnaQ=s16000" title="BSc BA ADP English Notes Poem Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Summary & Introduction" /></a></div><h2>Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Introduction</h2><p style="text-align: justify;">It is a very sweet and simple poem about sleep which has a supernatural character in its nature. It is an alluring and interesting thing. When is comes, one finds oneself almost senseless by its beautiful quality that it makes one totally forgetful. The poem has also a deeper meaning. On this second scale, it becomes a poem about death. Death has also the same quality of making one totally forgetful of all one's surroundings.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="300" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Y83aEBM3OJA" width="500" youtube-src-id="Y83aEBM3OJA"></iframe></div><h2>Lights Out (Edward Thomas) Summary</h2></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Sleep is a very important gift of nature. The poet finds sleep as a very deep and dense forest in which everyone of us has to lose his way whether at once (when the way is straight) or after a little time (when the way is zigzagging). Nobody can say "No" to the coming sleep. All the human activity comes to a stand still at the arrival of this element of nature. All the ways of men sink down into the dark deep forest of sleep.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">All human passions like despair, love and ambition are lost equally before the sweetness of sleep. When sleep comes, one must leave at once the book (i.e., study) or the dearest face (i.e., beloved). All pleasure and pain ends at the arrival of sleep which is sweeter than all other sweet works. One enters into its realm in a mysterious way.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Sleep cannot be checked or resisted in any way. When it comes, it must come and must be welcomed. The leaves of the dark and deep forest of sleep seem to hang down lower and lower still and, as a result, they hide the human beings in their heavy shadow. Sleep must come at the appointed time and one, however busy, must go to sleep at its arrival, all one's business even in the middle if it so happens.</div><p style="text-align: justify;">We can also find a deeper meaning in the poem by taking sleep as a simile or symbol of death. After-all sleep is known as a sister of death. When death comes, it must come. It cannot be postponed or resisted. When it comes, one has to leave all one's activities and business and go at once with it. It is equalizer. It makes good and bad die and everyone has to leave his loved ones to die. So, we may read the deeper meaning in the poem also.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="300" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/uPVQyyuwDR0" width="500" youtube-src-id="uPVQyyuwDR0"></iframe></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">BSc BA Notes
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